Historio-cultural context of Child Development in Asian Primary School Textbook

1.近期研究结果摘要学校课本的内容是儿童社会化的重要因素，教科书中人物的行为被认为反映了每种文化认为合适的行为和儿童发展的价值。本研究的目的是重新思考六本亚洲学校教科书中的家庭关系、父母角色与性别角色的教养行为，以及“好孩子”行为。这些故事被描绘和分析在日本，台湾，韩国，中国，泰国和孟加拉国的小学教科书，6-9岁的儿童在1960年和2000年出版。结果之一是韩国和中国的母亲养育子女的数量在40年中呈下降趋势，而日本的母亲养育子女的数量没有下降。韩国和中国的父亲对孩子的抚养比以前多得多，但日本的父亲数量40年来没有增加。40年来，日本家长在教科书中对孩子的“管教”行为减少，而“给予一些知识”的行为增加。这些结果与女性升学率和子女价值观有关。这些结果表明，像这些研究一样的跨文化和跨历史分析有助于弄清文化制度与人类行为之间的关系。2会议报告本研究结果在以下五个国际会议和日本国内会议上发表。例如：Rieko TOMO，家庭在日本，中国，泰国，和韩国小学教科书，在日本心理学协会，2001年。Rieko TOMO，小学和中学控制显示在亚洲学校教科书，在国际应用心理学大会，2002年。Rieko TOMO，理想和现实的家庭在日本，中国，台湾，和韩国，在日本教育心理学协会，2002年。

1 Summary of Recent ResultThe contents of school texts are very important factors in the socialization of children, and the behaviors displayed by textbook characters are thought to reflect behaviors and the value of children development that each culture regards as suitable. The purpose of this study is to reconsider the family relationship, parent-role and sex-role of child-rearing behaviors, and "Good child" behaviors in six Asian school textbooks. The stories are depicted and analyzed in Japanese, Taiwanese, Korean, Chinese, Thai, and Bangladeshi elementary school texts for 6-9 year-old children published in 1960 and 2000. One of the results is that Korean and Chinese mothers' child-rearing quantity is decreased for 40 years; nevertheless Japanese mothers' one is not decreased. Korean and Chinese fathers rear their child much more than before, but Japanese fathers' quantity is not increased for 40 years. "Discipline" of Japanese parents behaviors toward their children in school texts is decreased for 40 years, and "Giving some knowledge" is increased. These results are related to the ratio of female students who go on to Junior colleges and universities, and value of children.These results indicate that Cross-cultural and Cross-historical analysis like these researches lead to making clear the relationship between cultural system and human behaviors.2 Presentations in conferencesThe results are presented at five international conferences and for Japanese domestic conference as follows.;For example:Rieko TOMO, Family in Japanese, Chinese, Thai, and Korean elementary school textbooks, In Association of Japanese psychology, 2001.Rieko TOMO, Primary and secondary control displayed in Asian school textbooks, In International Congress of Applied Psychology, 2002.Rieko TOMO, Ideal and reality of family in Japan, China, Taiwan, and Korea, In Association of Japanese education psychology, 2002.