Practical Development of Intercultural/Transcultural Education from Early Childhood

在这个项目中，我们构建了一个基于从以前的项目中获得的信息的实际课程的开发思想。从教育学、发展心理学、人类学等领域的观点出发，开展了课程开发基础的创建工作。我们已经说明了扩大国际理解教育的指导方针，这是迄今为止只对幼儿和以上儿童实施的，也适用于婴儿和幼儿。我们组织了课程开发观点和共同框架。特别是，我们研究了从婴儿和幼儿阶段开始的跨文化教育的思考方法，以及开发此类课程的意义和框架。我们为分析婴幼儿对自我和环境的理解发展研究的现有数据进行了初步研究的准备工作。特别是从发展心理学的角度分析了婴幼儿对自我和他人的理解发展的过程和特点。对现行的学前教育课程进行分析，并制定出关注文化描述与发展的方法.为了考虑到在日本的日裔巴西儿童人数迅速增加的儿童保育问题，我们还对巴西学龄前儿童保育进行了现场研究，并编写了一份中期报告。我们还推出了“国家幼儿教育课程手册”，这是巴西幼儿教育的基础。本文以美国反偏见教育和新西兰的“Te Whariki”为例，说明了儿童保育研究从社会文化角度出发的趋势。

In this project we constructed an ideology for the development of an actual curriculum based on the information obtained from previous projects. We carried out work on the creation of a basis for curriculum development based on views from the education, developmental psychology, and anthropology fields. We have illustrated guidelines for expanding international understanding education, which was heretofore carried out only for young children and above, to also be implemented for infants and toddlers.1. We organized curriculum development viewpoints and common frameworks. In particular, we examined methods of thinking about cross-cultural education from the infant and toddler stage and the significance and framework for the development of a curriculum for such.2. We carried out preparations for preliminary research for analysis of present data for research on infant and toddler development of understanding of one's self and one's environment. In particular, we carried out analysis of the process and characteristics of infant and toddler development of understanding of self and others from a developmental psychology angle3. We carried out analysis of the current pre-school educational curriculum and formulated methods of regarding cultural descriptions and development.4. In order to take into consideration the childcare of the rapidly increasing numbers of Japanese-Brazilian children in Japan, we also carried out an on-site study of Brazilian pre-school age childcare and created an interim report. We also introduced the "Handbook on the National Curriculum for Early Childhood Education" which is the foundation for Brazil's early childhood education.5. We indicated the trend of childcare research in a socio-cultural approach using the American anti-bias education and New Zealand "Te Whariki".