The Child Care Support Needs and the Public Aids : its Characteristics and the Administrative Correspondences from Social Aspects.

儿童保育支持需求与公共援助：其特征与社会层面的行政对应。

• 批准号: 12610166
• 负责人: TAKEMURA Sachiko
• 金额: $ 2.24万
• 依托单位: IWATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12610166/
• 关键词: child care support; local governments; the prefectural capital; 子育て支援; 地域社会計画; 保育; 子育て

The aim of this study is to know what kind of the child care support should local city governments offer to the users. Investigating this subject, we should select the object, the local city governments, because there are divers cities on financial budgetary size, social welfare policy and social situation of child care. Therefore, our object city is not large city such an ordinance-designated city but the prefectural capital city. At first comparative study of the prefectural capital cities is conducted on their organizations and financial budget. Then Morioka city as a case city is adopted to investigate the child care support in detail.In comparative study of the prefectural capital cities there are three findings as follows. First, the child care support is not a critical issue of local policy in the city where the birth rate is decreasing year after year, in spite of the promotive policy of the support in national level. Therefore it is the budgetary appropriation is diminutive in … More local level. Second, the size of the budget for the child care support is not an appropriate indicator to discover the city in which an unique support policy exists. Because actors in this field are not only local governments, but also NPOs and City Council of Social Welfare. Third, it is important to evaluate the support as a whole in the local area. How to evaluate it appropriately is a next important assignment in this study.A case study is a qualified way to investigate the child care support in detail. We interviewed the users of the child care support in Morioka city and its surrounding towns. The mothers who take the child care class need not only to know nursing but also to acquire a social companionship, to make a friendship, because they feel solitude in their child caring. It is an important service for local governments to offer the place where mothers make a friendship. It is a latent function in the child care class for the city government to offer a social companionship to the users.Our findings in this study suggest two points as follows. First, to develop an appropriate evaluation way for the child care support is needed in this field. Second, the users' needs for the child care support should be developed not only on manifest function but also on latent function. Less

本研究的目的是了解当地城市政府应该向使用者提供什么样的托儿支持。由于各城市在财政预算规模、社会福利政策和儿童保育的社会状况等方面存在差异，因此研究对象应选择地方市政府。因此，我们的目标城市不是大城市这样的法令指定城市，而是州府城市。首先对地府城市的组织结构和财政预算进行了比较研究。然后以盛冈市为个案城市，对儿童保育支持进行详细调查。在对地府城市的比较研究中，有以下三个发现。首先，在出生率连年下降的城市，尽管国家层面有扶养政策的推动，但托儿扶养并不是地方政策的关键问题。因此，在地方一级，预算拨款是微不足道的。其次，托儿补助预算的大小并不是发现存在独特支持政策的城市的合适指标。因为这个领域的行动者不仅是地方政府，还有非营利组织和市社会福利委员会。第三，要从整体上评价地方支持力度。如何恰当地评价它是本研究的下一个重要任务。个案研究是详细研究儿童保育支持的有效方法。我们采访了盛冈市及其周边城镇的儿童保育支持用户。参加托儿班的母亲不仅需要懂得护理，还需要获得社会陪伴，建立友谊，因为她们在照顾孩子的过程中感到孤独。这是地方政府提供给母亲们建立友谊的地方的一项重要服务。为使用者提供社会陪伴是市政府在托儿班中潜在的功能。我们在本研究中的发现提出了以下两点。首先，需要对这一领域的儿童保育支持制定合适的评价方式。其次，用户对托儿服务的需求不仅要开发显性功能，还要开发潜在功能。少