A Study on the Transformation of Schools and Other Forms of Education and the Regeneration of Educational Relationship in Communities

本研究旨在探讨自2000年1月学校教育法实施条例修订后，学校顾问制度得以建立以来，家长及居民（子女）参与学校行政管理的情况及挑战。这证明了以下三件事：1.自2001年4月1日起，群马、岐阜、三重、滋贺、大分、高知县、东京、长崎、冲绳县等地的所有县立学校实行辅导员制度。1.2在除东京、长崎、冲绳县外的6个县进行了“辅导员（及类似）制度设置情况调查”。根据本次调查，学校就“学校目标与教育计划”、“学校管理概况”、“学校事件”等问题与顾问进行了讨论，并将顾问的意见反映到学校管理中。学校发现学校顾问是有意义的然而，有许多挑战。首先，对保密信息保护义务的规定不足，导致讨论的内容受到限制。其次，由于预算不足，学校无法支付导师酬金。顾问提出的实施方案预算不足，可能导致该系统失效。第三，学校很难区分学校顾问和现有的组织，如PTA。如果不采取紧急措施，这些挑战可能会威胁到辅导员制度的有效性和制度本身。虽然试图阐明辅导员制度的现状和挑战，但还没有研究解决挑战的对策。本研究的进一步方向将是审查措施和调查其他领域。此外，本研究亦在个别地区进行实地调查，找出重建参与制度的因素及管理的重要性。现场工作将持续进行，并对此进行检查。

The purpose of this study was to examine the situations and challenges of parent's and resident's (children's) participation in school administration since school advisor system has been able to set up because of revised enforcement regulatons of schoool education law in January 2000. This was proved those three things as follows ;1 School advisor system was in effect of all prefecture schools in Gunmma, Gifu, Mie, Shiga, Oita, Kochi, Tokyo, Nagasaki and Okinawa at April 1st, 2001.2 "Survey on the set up situation of school advisor (and similar) system"was conducted in six prefecture except Tokyo, Nagasaki and Okinawa. According to this survey, school has been discussed with advisor and reflected advisor's opinion into school administration on the issues of "school goal and educataonal plan", "school administration general", "school events"and so on. School was found school advisor to be meaningful.3 However, there were many challenges. Firstly, the lack of regulations of the duty to protect privileged information caused contents of discussion to be limited. Secondly, school could not pay reward for advisor because the budget was insufficient. Lacking of the budget of carry on the plan, which proposed from advisor, may be this system ineffective. Thirdly, School had a difficulty in distinguishing school advisor from existing organizations such as PTA. It is possible that these challenges threat effectiveness of school advisor system and system itself without any urgent measures.Although this tried to clarify the situations and challenges of school advisor system, it has not examined measure solviig challenges yet. A further direction of this study will be examined the measures and surveyed other areas. Additionally this study also did fieldwork in specific areas to find factors of eestablishing and importance of managing participatory system. Fieldwork will be conducted continuously and examined this.