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A study on Exports of the Japan-Netherlands Trade and a Situation of Asian Market in the 17th century

17世纪日本与荷兰贸易的出口及亚洲市场状况研究

基本信息

批准号：
12610351
负责人：
SUZUKI Yasuko
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Hanazono University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12610351/
关键词：
Dutch East India Company Japansese silver Nagasaki Deshima Indian trade Japanese gold Japanese copper Japanese camphor 長崎貿易ソーマ銀ファン・デル・ワイエン平戸オランダ商館オランダ小判樟脳

项目摘要

I have investigated the Japan-Netherlands trading system and exports in the 17th century. I gave several subjects for making clear of them in this research. I focused on a channel of distribution with the Dutch East India Company (VOC), and also a process of the trading exports (silver, copper, gold and camphor) in this period. Silver was exported from 1609 to 1668, which was accounted for over eighty percent in all exports. It was invested as capital in China and India with VOC. VOC made a huge profit from Japanese silver trade particularly in the 1630s.The situation, however, changed by a great flow of American silver to Asian market and European market. After 1640s the value of silver compared with gold declined. Moreover the Dutch trade in China damaged in 1662. Thus the exports of Japanese silver had gradually decreased for those factors. The other hand the Japanese government decided to prohibit the export of silver in 1668 for avoiding an outflow of silver. Gold (coban), permitted to export form 1664, became the most important article as well as copper in this trade instead of silver. Gold was used in Cromandel coast in India with VOC. Copper was constantly exported from the establishment of the Dutch factory, in Hirado though the amount was still lower than silver's. Copper became gradually an indispensable article to the Japan-Netherlands trade. I proved that a group of merchants who could exclusively trade with the Dutch in Hirado existed. The group were eliminated from the trade when the factory moved to Nagasaki (1641). I also researched into papers about the Japan-Netherlands trade in this period, and gave the problems of this field in this stage. I also translated a report about the trade situation until the middle of the 18th century written by van der Waeyen who had worked as a head of the factory three times. For all those research I finished my disertation about " A Study of the Japan-Netherlans Trade in the Edo Era".

我研究了17世纪日本-荷兰的贸易体系和出口。我给出了几个在这个研究中明确他们的主题。在此期间，我专注于与荷兰东印度公司（VOC）的分销渠道，以及贸易出口（银，铜，金，樟脑）的过程。白银从1609年到1668年出口，占全部出口的80%以上。它是作为资本投资于中国和印度的VOC。特别是在17世纪30年代，VOC从日本的白银贸易中获得了巨大的利润。然而，随着美国白银大量流入亚洲和欧洲市场，情况发生了变化。1640年代以后，白银相对于黄金的价值下降。此外，1662年荷兰在华贸易受损。因此，由于这些因素，日本白银的出口逐渐减少。另一方面，1668年，日本政府为避免白银外流，决定禁止白银出口。黄金（coban）从1664年开始被允许出口，在贸易中成为最重要的物品，铜也取代了银。黄金在印度克罗曼德尔海岸与VOC一起使用。在平户建立的荷兰工厂不断出口铜，尽管数量仍然低于银。铜逐渐成为日荷贸易中不可或缺的商品。我证明了在平户有一群商人可以专门与荷兰人进行贸易。当工厂搬到长崎（1641年）时，这群人被从贸易中淘汰了。我还查阅了这一时期关于日荷贸易的论文，并给出了这一阶段该领域存在的问题。我还翻译了一份关于18世纪中叶之前贸易状况的报告，这份报告是范德维恩写的，他曾三次担任这家工厂的厂长。为了完成这些研究，我完成了论文《江户时代日本-荷兰贸易研究》。