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Historical and social study on projects of construction of the capital city Delhi of the Mughal Empire in the 17th century

17世纪莫卧儿帝国首都德里建设工程的历史与社会研究

基本信息

批准号：
12610375
负责人：
ONA Yasuyuki
金额：
$ 2.37万
依托单位：
AOYAMA GAKUIN UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This report attempts to put into order various thinking about the project to construct the capital city of Delhi under the Mughal Empire, in order to show the incomplete character of the research made to date. The history of the so-called cities of Delhi from the time of the Delhi Sultanate in northern India can be clarified by considering projects up to the metropolitan city constructed during the first half of the 17^<th> century.Delhi, Agra and Lahore developed as metropolises in the Muslim kingdoms of northern India ; and the construction of New Delhi was planned by the Mughal Empire in the early modern age and was finally completed in full-scale during the reign of Shah Jahan. The capital city of the Mughal Empire presents the aspect of the great modern metropolis, which exceeds the castles where autocratic rulers resided during the medieval age.A lot of urban research on Delhi done by European scholars lacks historical aspects regarding northern India. It considers metropolitan cities as crowds of people made up of royal members and attendants.This report criticizes such an outdated, ideological approach and urges that urban studies be taken to a new, more scientific level. To clarify the historical substance of Delhi, the city housing situation at the time should be the main target of study.Urban dwellers in historical Delhi did not consist only of the royal family, its servants and the aristocracy. Wealthy Hindu merchants were active in the main bazaars of the city and professionals and artisans and menial laborers lived in the mahallahs(wards).Historical materials which show the city at that time have still to be surveyed thoroughly at the National Archives of Delhi. The city history can be further clarified from new investigation into its guilds, from which its middle class emerged.

这份报告试图梳理关于莫卧儿帝国统治下的首都德里项目的各种思考，以显示迄今所做研究的不完整特征。从印度北部的德里苏丹国时代起，所谓的德里城市的历史可以通过考虑17世纪上半叶建造的大都市的项目来阐明。德里、阿格拉和拉合尔作为印度北部穆斯林王国的大都市发展起来；新德里的建设是由莫卧儿帝国在近代早期规划的，最终在沙贾汗统治期间全面完成。莫卧儿帝国的首都呈现出现代大都市的面貌，超过了中世纪专制的尺子所居住的城堡。欧洲学者对德里的许多城市研究缺乏关于印度北部的历史方面。它认为大都市是由皇室成员和随从组成的人群。这份报告批评了这种过时的意识形态方法，并敦促将城市研究提高到一个新的、更科学的水平。为了弄清德里的历史内涵，当时的城市住房状况应该是研究的主要对象。历史上的德里的城市居民不仅仅是王室、仆人和贵族。富裕的印度教商人活跃在该市的主要集市上，专业人士、工匠和卑微的劳工住在马哈拉(区)。当时这座城市的历史资料仍有待德里国家档案馆的彻底调查。这座城市的历史可以从对其工会的新调查中得到进一步澄清，中产阶级就是从这些公会中诞生的。