Reconsideration of Late Antique Gaul: Focusing on the 4th and 5th Centuries

我的研究一直集中在重读Sidonius Apollinaris的信件。同时，我也是《狄奥多西法典》研究小组的成员，多年来翻译和注释其中的法律。我从这些法律文本和世纪晚期和4世纪高卢的具体案例中重新考虑了古代晚期的识字问题，并证实了以下几点：1.法律的文本表明，在罗马帝国后期，人们越来越依赖文献资料，很难像威廉·V·哈里斯所假设的那样，从这些资料中推断出古代晚期识字率的迅速下降。2.高水平文化的获得为帝国官僚机构开辟了道路，从而促进了世纪高卢元老院贵族的形成。此外，分享“正确书写的文字”产生了一种团结感，无论分享者的出身和种族如何，我从Sidonius的信件中证实了这一点。同时，促使我重读西多尼乌斯文本的是哈里斯关于西多尼乌斯奉献的假设，而我对此的反驳又使我重新思考西多尼乌斯对“日耳曼主义”和阿里乌斯主义的态度。我认为，阐明这些问题的线索可以在他的《书信集》第七卷的写作中找到，也可以在西顿纽斯和四位主教之间的书信往来中找到，其中包括里兹的浮士德，他们参与了西罗马政府和西哥特人在475年缔结的条约，在西顿纽斯看来，这是背信弃义和残酷的。但是，我仍然需要深化对晚期古高卢阿里乌主义问题的研究，并阅读更多主教之间交换的信件和他们撰写的其他文本。

My research has been centered on rereading the letters of Sidonius Apollinaris. At the same time, I have been a member of the Study Group of the Theodosian Code, and have translated and annotated the laws in it for many years. I reconsidered literacy in late antiquity from these legal-texts and specific cases in the late 3rd- and 4th- century Gaul, and confirmed the following points: 1. The legal texts show the increasing reliance on documentation in the Later Roman Empire, and it is difficult to infer from these sources the rapid decline of literacy in Late Antiquity, as William V. Harris assumed. 2. The acquisition of high-level literacy opened the way to the imperial bureaucracy and thus contributed to the formation of the senatorial aristocracy in the late 3rd- and 4th- century Gaul. Furthermore, sharing "correctly written words" produced a sense of solidarity, regardless of the sharer's origins and ethnicity, which I confirmed form the letters of Sidonius. Meanwhile, what induced me to re-read the texts of Sidonius was J. Harries' hypothesis on the consecration of Sidonius, and my argument against it led me to the reconsideration of Sidonius' attitudes to "Germanismus" and Arianism. I think that the clue to elucidate them can be found in the composition of Book 7 of his Epistulae, and in the letters exchanged between Sidonius and the four bishops, including Faustus of Riez, who were involved in the conclusion of the treaty between the Western Roman government and the Visigoths in 475, which was treacherous and brutal from Sidonius' viewpoint. However, I still need to deepen my research on the problem of Arianism in late antique Gaul, and read more letters exchanged among bishops and other texts written by them.