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A Study of Censorship and Sociopolitical Oppression in 17th-Centuy England and Their Influence on Metaphorical Representations

十七世纪英国的审查制度和社会政治压迫及其对隐喻表征的影响研究

基本信息

批准号：
12610485
负责人：
MATSUZAKI Takeshi
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
Ochanomizu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The aim of this study is to see how the censorship and sociopolitical oppression on the royalists in the English Civil War and the Commonwealth influenced their poetic creations. As parliamentary control of the press tightens its hold with successive legislation culminating in the Printing Act of 1649, publication of broadside-poems such as songs, ballads and litanies decreases with 1647 as its peak, while their style becomes more and more cryptic insinuating. That is,while the restrictions on the press formed a considerable hindrance to their literary activity in general, they helped add such qualities as irony and euphemism to their poetic creations. As for the poems circulated in manuscripts or published in books, the situation is a little different. They had a much more limited readership and their genres were more aristocratic : such as amatory verses, odes, pastorals and meditative poetry. An interesting thing is that in spite of their expected indifference to public propaganda, they are full of political allusions couched in seemingly casual remarks and descriptions and that the way they camouflage their political purport is far more elaborate than in those popular genres. This leads us to think that the secrecy in these poems, though partly resulting from the oppression of the press, is more intrinsically motivated by the secrecy-oriented mentality of the royalists. That is,the hierarchical orders they hoped to maintain (monarchy and episcopacy) were the ontological power/knowledge system in which the ultimate substance or truth should be constantly "deferred" or substituted for by other signs, making secrecy a common trait of their discourses. My conclusion is that the censorship did not necessarily hinder their poetic creation but rather prompted it affording them a condition of writing much suited for their sociopolitically motivated liking for secrecy.

本文旨在探讨英国内战和英联邦时期对保皇党的审查制度和社会政治压迫对保皇党诗歌创作的影响。随着议会对出版业的控制随着1649年《印刷法》的颁布而不断加强，诸如歌曲、民谣和连祷文等宽边诗歌的出版在1647年达到顶峰，而它们的风格变得越来越隐晦。也就是说，虽然对出版社的限制对他们的文学活动形成了相当大的阻碍，但它们有助于为他们的诗歌创作增添讽刺和委婉的品质。至于以手稿流传或成书出版的诗歌，情况则稍有不同。它们的读者群有限得多，体裁也更贵族化：比如爱情诗、颂歌、田园诗和冥想诗。有趣的是，尽管他们对公共宣传漠不关心，但他们在看似随意的言论和描述中充满了政治典故，而且他们掩饰政治意图的方式远比那些流行的体裁复杂得多。这使我们认为，这些诗中的秘密，虽然部分原因是由于新闻的压迫，更内在的动机是由保皇党的secretoriented心态。也就是说，他们希望维持的等级秩序（君主制和主教制）是本体论的权力/知识体系，在这个体系中，最终的实质或真理应该不断地被“推迟”或被其他符号所取代，使秘密成为他们话语的共同特征。我的结论是，审查制度并不一定阻碍他们的诗歌创作，而是促进了他们的创作，为他们提供了一个非常适合他们出于社会政治动机而喜欢保密的写作条件。