Law and Justice in Twelfth Century England seen through the Anstey Case

本研究的主要成果可以概括为以下几点：第一，就当时的法律的职业结构而言，教会法庭中博学的法学家的存在意味着文书程序在那里的渗透。另一方面，在皇家法庭上，placitatores和pupi实际上做了什么并不确定。第二，该案件显示了世俗司法（皇家法庭）和神圣司法（坎特伯雷法庭和教皇法庭）之间的合作。从该案来看，1164年《克拉伦登宪法》第8条规定，向罗马上诉必须得到皇家的许可，这一规定正如亨利二世所坚持的那样，是王权惯例，在婚姻法史上具有重要意义。正如所说，亚历山大三世采用了巴黎的理论，强调双方的同意，根据这一理论，不需要圆房来构成婚姻。案件，但是，发挥了非常重要的作用，亚历山大三世的决定，它是，可以说，一个主要推动者朝着这样的方向。

Main results of this research can be summarized as the following.Firstly, as to the structure of legal profession at the time, the existence of learned jurists in the ecclesiastical courts means the penetration of documentary procedure there. On the other hand what placitatores and auxilii actually did in royal courts aren't certain.Secondly, the case shows the collaboration between secular justice (royal court) and sacred justice (court of the archbishop of Canterbury and that of the pope). Judging from the case, c.8 of the Constitutions of Clarendon in 1164, according to which it was necessary to get royal permission to make appeal to Rome, was, as Henry II maintained, regni consuetude.Lastly, the case was very significant in the history of marriage law. As is said, Alexander III adopted the Parisian theory which emphasized the consent of the parties and according to which consummation was not needed to constitute a marriage. The case, however, played a very important role in Alexander III's decision and it was, it might be said, a prime mover towards such direction.