A Study of the Roman and Canon Law Influence upon the nascent Common

1本项目的目的是通过分析写于公元12123年的名为Consuetudines Diversarum curarum的关于教会和世俗法院程序的匿名文章，重新考虑学习法（罗马法和教会法）对英国新兴普通法的影响。主要研究结果总结在以下几点。(1)该区域存在两个MSS。一个是剑桥大学的冈维尔和凯斯学院，205/111，第409-429页。另一个是剑桥大学图书馆。76 v - 77 v。后者是从前者复制而来，尽管后者缺少tracy中涉及教会法庭的部分。h·g·理查森和g·o·塞尔斯的印刷版仅以前者为基础，结果证明是不够的。(2)教会法庭的证人举证与世俗法庭的陪审团审判在程序上有相似之处。(3)除了口头诉讼之外，我们注意到世俗法庭和教会法庭都使用书面文书。(4)这种程序手册的存在本身就说明了那些既关心教会法院又关心世俗法院的人的需求。在十二、十三世纪的英国，我们不应忽视教会法与普通法之间的相互影响。

1 The purpose of this project is to reconsider the influence of the leaned law (roman and canon law) upon the nascent common law in England, by means of analyzing the anonymous tract on procedure in ecclesiastical and secular courts which has been called Consuetudines Diversarum Curiarum, written in c. 1230.2 The main research results are summarized in these points.(1) There exist two MSS of the tract. One is the Gonvill and Caius College, Cambridge, 205/111, pp. 409-429. The other is the Cambridge University Library Mm. I.27, ff. 76v-77v. The latter is copied from the former, although the latter lacks those parts of the tracy which deal with ecclesiastical courts. The printed edition of H.G.Richardson & G.O.Sayles is based only on the former, and turns out to be insufficient.(2) There are procedual similarities between the proof by witnesses in ecclesiastical courts and the jury trial in secular courts.(3) By the side of oral proceedings, we notice the use of written instruments in secular courts as well as in ecclesiastical ones.(4) The very existence of the procedual manual of this sort speaks for the demand among the people who were supposed to be concerned with both ecclesiastical and lay courts. We should not overlook the mutual influences between the canon law and the common law in twelfth and thirteenth century England.