Topology and Color Confinement in Dual Higgs Theory of Quantum Chromodynamics

基于强相互作用的基本理论--量子色动力学(QCD)，我们研究了低能区的各种非微扰现象，如色限制。我们使用晶格QCD进行了以下第一次研究，这是第一原理计算。在最大阿贝尔(MA)规范中，非对角线胶子分量获得了约1GeV的大有效质量，这导致了QCD2的红外阿贝尔。在MA规范中，双胶子变得有质量，出现了双重迈斯纳效应。然后，在MA规范中，红外QCD简化了双Higgs理论，夸克禁闭被物理解释为双Higgs机制实现。利用晶格QCD，我们对与重子性质直接相关的三夸克(3q)势进行了详细而精确的分析。3Q势由二体库仑势和Y型线性势之和表示。这有力地表明了重子如核子中Y型通量管的形成。我们研究了3Q系统中的胶子激发，发现其能量约为1GeV。胶子激发能的这种大的值在物理上意味着在重子的低能级激发中没有胶子模，并有望导致简单夸克模型的成功。在有限温度下，标量胶球在退禁闭追逐相变的临界温度附近发生了很大的性质变化。我们研究了零温度和有限温度下的夸克-胶子混合凝聚，发现在非微扰QCD真空中夸克和胶子之间存在很强的关联。味单态重子的质量约为1.7GeV，因此不能确定为Λ(1405GeV)。

Based on quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), the fundamental theory of the strong interaction, we study various nonperturbative phenomena such as color confinement in the low-energy region. We perform the following first studies using lattice QCD, which is the first-principle calculation.1. In the maximally abelian (MA) gauge, the off-diagonal gluon component acquires a large effective mass of about 1GeV, which leads to infrared abelianization of QCD.2. In the MA gauge, dual gluons become massive and the dual Meissner effect occurs.3. Then, in the MA gauge, infrared QCD reduces the dual Higgs theory, and quark confinement is physically interpreted to be realized by the dual Higgs mechanism.4. Using lattice QCD, we perform the detailed and accurate analysis for the three-quark (3Q) potential, which is directly responsible to the baryon properties. The 3Q potential is expressed by the sum of the two-body Coulomb potential and the Y-type linear potential. This strongly indicates the Y-type flux-tube formation in the baryon such, as the nucleon.5. We study the gluonic excitation in the 3Q system, and find that its energy is about 1GeV. This large value of the gluonic-excitation energy physically means the absence of the gluonic mode in the low-lying excitations of baryons, and is expected to leads to the success of the simple quark model.6. The scalar glueball is found to be largely changes its properties near the critical temperature of the deconfinement chase transition at finite temperature.7. We study the quark-gluon mixed condensate both at zero and at finite temperatures, and find a strong correlation between quarks and gluons in the nonperturbative QCD vacuum.8. The flavor-singlet baryon is found to have a large mass of about 1.7GeV, and hence it cannot be identified as Λ(1405).