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Speciation mochauism of hemiascamycetans yeasts

半球菌酵母的形态莫肖主义

基本信息

批准号：
12640688
负责人：
HISATOMI Taisuke
金额：
$ 2.43万
依托单位：
Fukuyama University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2001
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12640688/
关键词：
Speciation Evolution Ysasts Sex-differentiation genes Genus Joechavowyus Phylogeny and tavonory Sexual interaction Life cycle

项目摘要

In order to clarify the effect of gene diversity concerned with sexual interactions on speciation mechanism, I tried to perform comparative study of sex-differentiation genes between the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces naganishii. S. naganishii is a new species described by us through the molecular taxonomic reexamination of Saccharomyces yeasts, has the ability to highly sporulate, and has a perfect Ho-type homothallism. I have already isolated heterothallic strains from the original homothallic strain of S. naganishii.I constructed a host-vector system specific to S. naganishii. The vector constructed has an autonomously replicating sequence and a centromere sequence derived from S. naganishii chromosome. Then, I constructed a genomic library of S. naganishii with the above highly stable YCp-type vector. From the library, I cloned a gene coding for alpha pheromone of S. naganishii, and compare it with the one of S. cerevisiae. A precursor of alpha pheromone of S. naganishii is very close to the one of S. cerevisiae. Then, I tried to draw difference of upstream regulatory sequences (URSs) of alpha pheromone genes between the two species. The URS of alpha pheromone gene from S. naganishii was activated in alpha-type cells of both species, in terms of LacZ reporter gene expression. When a region predicted to be essential to activate the gene in S. naganishii was omitted from the URS, LacZ reporter gene was not expressed at all in S. naganishii, but was partially expressed in S. cerevisiae. These results suggested that products of mating-type genes from the two species recognize different sequences as functional URSs.

为了阐明与性别相互作用有关的基因多样性对物种形成机制的影响，我试图对酿酒酵母和南氏酵母的性别分化基因进行比较研究。Naganishii是我们通过对酵母菌的分子分类复查而描述的一个新种，具有高度产孢量的能力，并具有完美的HO-型同源性。我已经从原始的同源菌株中分离出异源菌株，构建了一个针对长寿链霉菌的宿主载体系统。构建的载体含有一个自主复制的序列和一个来源于长氏链霉菌染色体的着丝粒序列。然后，用上述高稳定性的YCp型载体构建了长链藻的基因组文库。从文库中克隆了长链霉菌的α信息素编码基因，并与酿酒链霉菌的α信息素基因进行了比较。Naganishii的α信息素前体与酿酒酵母的Alpha信息素前体非常接近。然后，我试图得出两个物种之间α信息素基因上游调控序列(URSS)的差异。Naganishiiα信息素基因的URS在两个物种的Alpha型细胞中都被激活，表现为LacZ报告基因的表达。当URS中预测的激活LacZ基因所必需的区域被省略时，LacZ报告基因在S.naganishii中根本不表达，但在S.cerevisiae中部分表达。这些结果表明，这两个物种交配型基因的产物识别不同的序列为功能性URSS。