Distribution of malonylated anthocyanins and relationship between the genotype and practical characteristic in strawberry

草莓丙二酸花青素的分布及其基因型与实用性状的关系

• 批准号: 12660026
• 负责人: YOSHIDA Yuichi
• 金额: $ 1.98万
• 依托单位: OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12660026/
• 关键词: strawberry; pelargonidin malonylglucoside; inheritance; fruit color; cultivar difference; distribution in fruit; 遺伝子; 品質間差異

In previous studies, productionj of malonylated anthocyanin in strawberry was supposed to be controlled by two dominant genes those produce a large amount of Pelargonidin 3-malonylglucoside (PMG) and a trace level of PMG. However, when composition of anthocyanins in fruit parts was determined precisely in fruits of cultivars from which PMG was not detected in previous studies, a considerably high amount of PMG occurred in achenes and although the amount was quite little, it also occurred in fruit skin. Cyanidin 3-malonylglucoside also occurred in achenes of 10 cultivars analyzed. Ratio of PMG or cyanidin derivatives in total anthocyanins is affected by the occurrence in fruit skin which contains most part of anthocyanins in fruit. The dominant PMG producing gene may control malonylation of anthocyanins in fruit skin.For 246 strawberry cultivars collected in Kurume Branch of NIVOT, composition of anthocyanins were analyzed. The ratio in number of cultivars those producing large amount and trace level of PMG, was 100:35 in foreign cultivars and it agreed with the expected segregation of 3:1. But the ratio was 68:41 in Japanese cultivars. Within Japanese cultivars, many of those released from Kurume Branch of NIVOT, such as 'Harunoka', are lacking Pgd-3MG.To determine the genotype of selfed progeny of 'Nyoho', 'Sachinoka' or 'Ai-Berry' which produce only trace level of PMG, were crossed to the progeny. More than half of the progeny dead because of diseases. The genotype for anthocyanin malonylating gene (Amg) segregated into 1:2:1 in the progeny that had survived for 4 years and the relative composition of PMG was higher in homozygous (Amg/Amg) genotypes than heterozygous ones. However, there was no significant differences between the genotypes in other practical characteristics, such as sugar concentration, composition or color of fruit. Amg was supposed to be inherited independently.

在先前的研究中，草莓中丙二酮的花青素的生产被认为是由两个主要基因控制的，它们产生了大量的pelargonidin 3-甲基糖苷（PMG）和PMG的痕量水平。但是，当精确地确定了在先前研究中未检测到PMG的品种中，精确地确定了果部分中花青素的成分时，酸痛的PMG数量很大，尽管量很少，但它也发生在水果皮肤中。氰肽3-麦克洛糖苷也发生在分析的10种品种的疼痛中。总花色苷中PMG或氰化素衍生物的比率受水果中大部分含有花青素的水果皮肤的发生的影响。产生主要的PMG基因可以控制果皮中花色苷的误导性。对于246种在Nivot Kurume分支中收集的草莓品种，分析了花青素的组成。在外国品种中，产生大量PMG的品种数量的比例为100：35，并且同意3：1的预期隔离。但是日本品种的比例为68:41。在日本品种中，许多从Nivot的Kurume分支（例如“ Harunoka”）中释放出来的许多人都缺乏PGD-3MG。确定“ Nyoho”自我后代的基因型，“ Sachinoka”，“ Sachinoka”或“ Ai-ai-Berry”，仅产生PMG的痕量痕迹，并与后代交叉。由于疾病，超过一半的后代死亡。在纯合（AMG/AMG）基因型中，在后代生存了4年的子宫花序素基因（AMG）的基因型被隔离为1：2：1，PMG的相对组成比杂合子更高。但是，基因型之间在其他实际特征（例如糖浓度，成分或水果的颜色）中没有显着差异。 AMG本来应该是独立继承的。

项目成果

Yoshida, Y., T. Goto, M. Hirai and M. Masuda: "Anthocyanin accumulation in strawberry fruits as affected by nitrogen nutrition"Acta Horticulturae. (in press).

Yoshida, Y., T. Goto, M. Hirai 和 M. Masuda：“草莓果实中花青素的积累受氮营养的影响”园艺学报。

Yoshida, Y., N.Koyama, H.Tamura: "Color and anthocyanin composition of strawberry fruit : changes during fruit development and differences among cultivars, with special refference to the occurrence of pelargonidin 3-malonylglucoside"J.Jpn.Soc.Hort.Sci.. 7

Yoshida, Y., N.Koyama, H.Tamura：“草莓果实的颜色和花青素组成：果实发育过程中的变化和品种间的差异，特别是天竺葵素 3-丙二酰葡萄糖苷的出现”J.Jpn.Soc.Hort

Yoshida, Y., H. Tamura and N. Koyama: "Inheritance of pelargonidin malonylglucoside synthesis in strawberry"Acta Horticulturae. 522. 147-153 (2000)

Yoshida, Y., H. Tamura 和 N. Koyama：“草莓中天竺葵素丙二酰葡萄糖苷合成的继承”园艺学报。

Yoshida, Y., T. Goto and M. Hirai: "Anthocyanin accumulation in strawberry fruits as affected by mineral nutrition"J. Jpn. Soc. Hort. Sci.. 69 (suppl 2). 345 (2000)

Yoshida，Y.，T. Goto 和 M. Hirai：“草莓果实中花青素的积累受矿物质营养的影响”J。

吉田裕一 ら: "イチゴ果実のアントシアニン蓄積に及ぼす無機栄養の影響"園芸学会雑誌. 69別2. 345 (2000)

Yuichi Yoshida 等：“无机营养素对草莓果实中花青素积累的影响”日本园艺学会杂志 69 Betsu 2. 345 (2000)。