Distribution of malonylated anthocyanins and relationship between the genotype and practical characteristic in strawberry

草莓丙二酸花青素的分布及其基因型与实用性状的关系

• 批准号: 12660026
• 负责人: YOSHIDA Yuichi
• 金额: $ 1.98万
• 依托单位: OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12660026/
• 关键词: strawberry; pelargonidin malonylglucoside; inheritance; fruit color; cultivar difference; distribution in fruit; 遺伝子; 品質間差異

In previous studies, productionj of malonylated anthocyanin in strawberry was supposed to be controlled by two dominant genes those produce a large amount of Pelargonidin 3-malonylglucoside (PMG) and a trace level of PMG. However, when composition of anthocyanins in fruit parts was determined precisely in fruits of cultivars from which PMG was not detected in previous studies, a considerably high amount of PMG occurred in achenes and although the amount was quite little, it also occurred in fruit skin. Cyanidin 3-malonylglucoside also occurred in achenes of 10 cultivars analyzed. Ratio of PMG or cyanidin derivatives in total anthocyanins is affected by the occurrence in fruit skin which contains most part of anthocyanins in fruit. The dominant PMG producing gene may control malonylation of anthocyanins in fruit skin.For 246 strawberry cultivars collected in Kurume Branch of NIVOT, composition of anthocyanins were analyzed. The ratio in number of cultivars those producing large amount and trace level of PMG, was 100:35 in foreign cultivars and it agreed with the expected segregation of 3:1. But the ratio was 68:41 in Japanese cultivars. Within Japanese cultivars, many of those released from Kurume Branch of NIVOT, such as 'Harunoka', are lacking Pgd-3MG.To determine the genotype of selfed progeny of 'Nyoho', 'Sachinoka' or 'Ai-Berry' which produce only trace level of PMG, were crossed to the progeny. More than half of the progeny dead because of diseases. The genotype for anthocyanin malonylating gene (Amg) segregated into 1:2:1 in the progeny that had survived for 4 years and the relative composition of PMG was higher in homozygous (Amg/Amg) genotypes than heterozygous ones. However, there was no significant differences between the genotypes in other practical characteristics, such as sugar concentration, composition or color of fruit. Amg was supposed to be inherited independently.

在之前的研究中，草莓中丙二酸花青素的产生被认为是由两个显性基因控制的，这两个显性基因产生大量的天竺葵素3-丙二酰葡萄糖苷(PMG)和微量的PMG。然而，当对之前研究中未检测到PMG的品种的果实中的花青素成分进行精确测定时，瘦果中出现了相当高含量的PMG，虽然含量很少，但果皮中也出现了这种情况。花青素 3-丙二酰葡萄糖苷也存在于所分析的 10 个品种的瘦果中。 PMG或花青素衍生物在总花青素中的比例受存在于果皮中的影响，果皮中含有水果中大部分花青素。显性PMG产生基因可能控制果皮中花青素的丙二酰化。对NIVOT久留米分所采集的246个草莓品种的花青素组成进行了分析。国外品种中产生大量和痕量PMG的品种数量比例为100:35，与预期的3:1分离相符。但日本品种的这一比例为 68:41。在日本品种中，许多从 NIVOT 久留米分支释放的品种，例如“Harunoka”，都缺乏 Pgd-3MG。为了确定仅产生痕量 PMG 的“Nyoho”、“Sachinoka”或“Ai-Berry”自交后代的基因型，将其与后代杂交。一半以上的后代因疾病而死亡。存活4年的子代中花青素丙二酰化基因(Amg)的基因型分离为1:2:1,纯合子(Amg/Amg)基因型的PMG相对组成高于杂合子。然而，基因型之间在其他实际特征上没有显着差异，例如糖浓度、果实成分或颜色。 Amg 应该是独立遗传的。

项目成果

Yoshida, Y., T. Goto, M. Hirai and M. Masuda: "Anthocyanin accumulation in strawberry fruits as affected by nitrogen nutrition"Acta Horticulturae. (in press).

Yoshida, Y., T. Goto, M. Hirai 和 M. Masuda：“草莓果实中花青素的积累受氮营养的影响”园艺学报。

Yoshida, Y., N.Koyama, H.Tamura: "Color and anthocyanin composition of strawberry fruit : changes during fruit development and differences among cultivars, with special refference to the occurrence of pelargonidin 3-malonylglucoside"J.Jpn.Soc.Hort.Sci.. 7

Yoshida, Y., N.Koyama, H.Tamura：“草莓果实的颜色和花青素组成：果实发育过程中的变化和品种间的差异，特别是天竺葵素 3-丙二酰葡萄糖苷的出现”J.Jpn.Soc.Hort

Yoshida, Y., H. Tamura and N. Koyama: "Inheritance of pelargonidin malonylglucoside synthesis in strawberry"Acta Horticulturae. 522. 147-153 (2000)

Yoshida, Y., H. Tamura 和 N. Koyama：“草莓中天竺葵素丙二酰葡萄糖苷合成的继承”园艺学报。

Yoshida, Y., T. Goto and M. Hirai: "Anthocyanin accumulation in strawberry fruits as affected by mineral nutrition"J. Jpn. Soc. Hort. Sci.. 69 (suppl 2). 345 (2000)

Yoshida，Y.，T. Goto 和 M. Hirai：“草莓果实中花青素的积累受矿物质营养的影响”J。

吉田裕一 ら: "イチゴ果実のアントシアニン蓄積に及ぼす無機栄養の影響"園芸学会雑誌. 69別2. 345 (2000)

Yuichi Yoshida 等：“无机营养素对草莓果实中花青素积累的影响”日本园艺学会杂志 69 Betsu 2. 345 (2000)。