Inheritance of malonylated anthocyanin production and distribution of the pigment in fruit of strawberry cultivars

点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要

In 'Nyoho', the concentration of total anthocyanins increased linearly during fruit coloring, however the hue angle of fruit skin did not change from 41 days after anthesis. The composition of Pelargonidin 3-malonylglucoside (Pdg-3MG) was ca.20% of total anthocyanins throughout fruit coloring. Among 20 cultivars examined, Pdg-3MG occurred in 11 and did not in the rest. Although the concentration of total anthocyanins varied much among cultivars, there were no significant difference between two groups of cultivars producing Pdg-3MG and lacking it. The occurrence or absence may not affect color development of strawberry fruits.Selfed progeny of Pgd-3MG producing 'Nyoho' segregated into 84 producing and 25 lacking plants. However, when analyzed more precisely, trace level (less than 1% of anthocyanins) of Pdg-3MG could be detected. Progenies of 'Nyoho' and 'Darselect' segregated into 64 : 8 : 11 and 35 : 10 : 3 for high (>4.4%) : trace (<0.7%) : non in Pdg-3MG composition, respectively. It may indicate that the production of malonylated anthocyanin in strawberry is controlled by two dominant genes those produce much Pgd-3MG (Pmg-1) and trace level (Pmg-2).The ratio in number of cultivars those lacking Pgd-3MG to producing, was higher in Japanese cultivars than in foreign cultivars. Within Japanese cultivars, many of those released from Kurume Branch of NIVOT, such as 'Harunoka', are lacking Pgd-3MG. There could not be found any relationships between the occurrence of Pgd-3MG and practical fruit characteristics, such as sugar concentration, composition or color of fruit.