Histological tissue response and synovial fluid analysis after arthroscopic surgery with electrocautery in TMJ

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Aims : To evaluate the tissue response and synovial fluid analysis after arthroscopic lysis with electrocautery in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of sheep histologically, radiologically and biochemicallyMethod : Thirteen adult merino sheep, weighting about 60 kg, were used. The instruments used in this study were a newly developed artroscope with a channel (1.1mm in diameter) for TMJ surgery (Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg.26S : 159, 1997), Electrocautery was inserted into the inner channel and the tip placed directly against the synovial membrane of the posterior pouch and the surface was injured from medial to lateral walls by electrocautery with a power of 125 watts. The tip is then placed against the articular surface of the tuber which was damaged from medial to lateral part with electrocautery until the underlining bone was exposed. At the 2nd, 4th, 8th, 12th week after the initial operation, the sheep were sacrificed by an anesthetic overdose. The specimens were decalified and sagitally sectioned from lateral to medial for histological study. Synovial fluid was collected at same time. Casein zymography was performed to detect the presence of MMP-3 in synovial fluidResults : At the 4th week after the initial operation, all discs were perforated. At the 12th week after the initial operation, the condylar articular surface was partly denuded in some areas, and part of the surface showed fibrous repair, and the disc was displaced ot the anterior portion. These canges were radiographically and histologically similar to adovanced osteoarthritis. Pro MMP-3 was detected in all experimental groupsConclusion : It was suggested that an arthroscopic lysis with electrocautery agaist the synovial membrance of the posterior pouch was induced the osteoarthritic change of sheep TMJ