A STUDY ON EFFECTS OF PROGRAMED EXERCISE TRAINING ON BALANCING ABILITY AGAINST ABRUPT DECELERATION IN THE ELDERLY

程序化运动训练对老年人突发减速平衡能力影响的研究

• 批准号: 12680029
• 负责人: OKADA Shuichi
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: KOBE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12680029/
• 关键词: elderly; balancing ability; abrupt deceleration; exercise training

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a multidimensional exercise training on balancing ability against abrupt deceleration in the elderly. Twenty community-dwelling healthy elderly (≧65 years of age) with no history of one or less falls in the previous 6 month participated. They were classified into exercise group (n=10) and control group (n=10). The 12-month exercise training program was designated to increase strength, flexibility of the lower extremities, dynamic balance and ADL. The control group received no intervention. Changes in the center of foot pressure (CFP) were measured during postural sway following platform deceleration, and the response time and CFP displacement were evaluated. The EMG onset in the tibialis anterior muscle and medial gastrocnemius muscle during abrupt acceleration was measured, and the relative level of co-contraction of antagonistic muscles (CCI) in the lower extremity muscle group was calculated. In addition, motor and sensory abilities were measured.Results were as follows :1) Significant improvement were observed in training group for the response time and CFP displacement immediately after abrupt deceleration in post-training vs pre-training (p <0.05).2) CCI in training group was significantly lower in post-training than in pre-training (p <0.05).3) Significant improvement were observed in training group for the strength of planterflexor and dorsiflexor muscles, and knee extensor muscle, flexibilities of ankle and hip joints, choice reaction time, one leg balancing time, time to sit-to-stand, and speed of walking as fast as possible (p <0.05).These results suggest that this exercise training for 12-month can improve the balancing ability against abrupt deceleration, thereby reducing risk for falls. This may be because improvement of neuro-muscular function.

本研究的目的是考察多维运动训练对老年人对抗突然减速的平衡能力的影响。20名居住在社区的健康老年人(≧，65岁)在过去6个月内没有一次或更少跌倒的病史。将受试者分为运动组和对照组各10例。为期12个月的运动训练计划旨在增加力量、下肢灵活性、动态平衡和日常生活能力。对照组未接受任何干预。测量平台减速后体位摆动时足底中心压力(CFP)的变化，并评估反应时间和CFP位移。测量突然加速时胫前肌和腓肠肌内侧肌的肌电起始点，并计算下肢肌组拮抗肌共收缩的相对水平。结果显示：1)训练组训练后突然减速后反应时和CFP移位较训练前有显著改善(p&lt；0.05)。2)训练组训练后CCI明显低于训练前(p&lt；3)训练组的屈、背屈肌力、伸膝肌力量、踝关节和髋关节屈曲能力、选择反应时间、单腿平衡时间、坐立时间、尽可能快的行走速度均有明显改善(p&lt；0.05)，提示为期12个月的运动训练可提高运动员抗突然减速的平衡能力，从而降低跌倒的风险。这可能是因为神经肌肉功能的改善。

项目成果

岡田修一: "高齢女性転倒経験者の加速度外乱に対する姿勢運動パターン"教育医学. 48・2. 265-271 (2002)

Shuichi Okada：“经历过跌倒的老年女性对加速障碍的姿势运动模式”教育医学48・2（2002）。

Okada shuichi: "Age-related changes in postural control in response to a sudden deceleration postural disturbance."European Journal Applied Physiology. (in printing).

冈田秀一：“响应突然减速姿势障碍的姿势控制中与年龄相关的变化。”欧洲应用生理学杂志。

Okada Shuichi: "Relationship between fear of falling and balancing ability during abrupt deceleration in aged women having similar habitual physical activities"European Journal of Applied Physiology. 85(5). 501-506 (2001)

冈田秀一：“具有类似习惯性体育活动的老年女性在突然减速时对跌倒的恐惧与平衡能力之间的关系”《欧洲应用生理学杂志》。

岡田 修一: "高齢女性転倒経験者の加速度外乱に対する姿勢運動パターン"教育医学. 48(2). 265-271 (2002)

Shuichi Okada：“经历过跌倒的老年女性对加速障碍的姿势运动模式”教育医学 48(2) (2002)。

Okada Shuichi: "Relationship between fear of falling and balancing ability during abrupt deceleration in aged women having similar habitual physical activities"European Journal of Applied Physiology. 85(5). 501-506 (2002)

冈田秀一：“具有类似习惯性体育活动的老年女性在突然减速时对跌倒的恐惧与平衡能力之间的关系”《欧洲应用生理学杂志》。