Geographical Study on the Development of Multi-functional Farmland Use in Metropolitan Area

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In this study, we made clear of mechanism of multi-functional farmland uses and its circumstances in metropolitan areas. According to our study, leading driving forces on multi-functional farmland use were divided into three types ; economic driving forces in Beijing, Bangkok and Prague metropolitan areas, no-economic driving forces in Sydney metropolitan area, and their mixed driving forces in Tokyo metropolitan area. Furthermore, characteristics of multi-functional farmland uses based on economic driving forces tend to change into ones based on non-economic driving forces, and in their transitional stage characteristics of multi-functional farmland uses based on both economic and non-economic driving forces. In these circumstances, it is important for non-economic driving forces to regulate interests among main actors, who are farmers, urban residents, developers and governments, in terms of land uses, environmental resources and value sense. In Tokyo metropolitan area, for example, … More multi-functional farmland uses such as food production, recreation, amenity, green and disaster protection spaces have been developed with the institution of productive green land, so that it has played an important role in regulating interests among main actors. On the other hand, in Sydney metropolitan suburbs hobby farms have been developed with the institution of productive aging. Hobby farming is less intensive and rather unprofitable, and is developed for mental satisfaction of aged and the urban residents, rather than the advancement of urbanization and land subdivision. Therefore, hobby farming plays an important role in holding back urban sprawl and maintaining agricultural land use so that it is the typical forms of multi-functional farmland uses. On the whole, a series of multi-functional farmland uses has been developed with the regulation of interests between economic and non-economic driving forces, or between urbanity and rurality. In this study, however, we could not make clear of the regulation of these interests as the political process. Less