权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Developing Teaching materials of Soil Moisture Visulization and Irrigation Support System for Cultivation Environmental Education

土壤湿度可视化与耕作环境教育灌溉支持系统教材开发

基本信息

批准号：
12680282
负责人：
HIRAI Hiroaki
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
Osaka Prefecture University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

It is important to guide irrigation regimes to students in practice education as irrigation is one of the basics in cultivation. Thus, I tried to develop practical training materials to have students grasp appropriate irrigation regimes in a scientific method. Several kinds of crops were cultivated under different conditions. Irrigation indexes of soil moisture, air and soil temperature, solar radiation for each irrigation condition were measured to investigate the influence exerted on the growth, yield, and quality of the crops. Soil moisture suction was measured by a tensiometer and soil volumetric water content was measured by TDR and capacitance methods. Water needed to be replenished for the tensiometer method whereas TDR and capacitance methods were easy to handle and made correct and precise measurement possible. Corn, Japanese radish and spinach were used to investigate the influence of irrigation frequency. When irrigation frequency decreased, soil moisture decreased and the d … More elay of emergence was observed with all the crops and the growth of corn and Japanese radish was worse than spinach. Sweet potatoes were grown under different irrigation frequency and ridge formation. When soil moisture was kept high in the early stage of growth and then kept low in the latter stage, the tuberous root yield increased. As far as the form of the ridge was the same, soil moisture did not change between rides with and without mulch, but the yields were higher on the high ridge with mulch. Onions were grown under different irrigation time by flooding to the furrow of both low and high ridges. The yield became high on the high ridge with frequent irrigation before scaly bulb enlargement began. However, the root area was aggravated and the yield decreased when flooding continued thereafter. Thus, soil moisture depends on the conditions of irrigation period and frequency, and the ridge formation, which greatly exert the growth, yield, and quality of crops. This can be the effective teaching materials for crop production training for practice cultivation environmental education. Less

灌溉是栽培学的基础知识之一，在实践教学中，对学生进行灌溉制度的指导十分重要。因此，我试图开发实用的培训材料，让学生掌握适当的灌溉制度，在科学的方法。在不同的条件下种植了几种作物。测定了各灌水条件下土壤水分、气温、地温、太阳辐射等灌溉指标，研究了各灌水条件对作物生长、产量和品质的影响。采用张力计测量土壤水分吸力，采用TDR和电容法测量土壤体积含水量。张力计法需要补充水，而TDR和电容法易于操作，可以进行正确和精确的测量。以玉米、日本萝卜和菠菜为试验材料，研究了灌水频率对产量的影响。随着灌水频率的降低，土壤含水量降低，土壤含水量增加 ...更多信息所有作物均出现出苗延迟现象，玉米和日本萝卜的生长情况比菠菜差。研究了不同灌水频率和垄型对甘薯生长发育的影响。生长前期保持较高的土壤水分，后期保持较低的土壤水分，块根产量增加。在垄型相同的情况下，有无覆盖的垄间土壤水分变化不大，但有覆盖的高岭产量较高。采用低垄沟灌和高垄沟灌的方法，研究了不同灌水时间对洋葱生长的影响。高岭上经常灌水，鳞片鳞茎膨大前产量较高。但以后继续淹水，根系面积增大，产量下降。因此，土壤水分取决于灌溉周期和频率以及垄的形成，这对作物的生长、产量和品质都有很大影响。可作为农作物生产实习实训环境教育的有效教材。少