Socratic Inquiry in Plato's Early Philosophy : Dialectic Structure and its significance of today

本研究的目的是阐述和考察苏格拉底在柏拉图早期对话中的追问思想及其在今天的意义。由于柏拉图的对话不是单一思维的痕迹，而是苏格拉底和他的对话者(甚至是旁观者)之间的运动，我并不以此为目标来寻找苏格拉底(或柏拉图)可能达到的任何博士学位。事实上，苏格拉底式的追问总是令人沮丧。如果这些调查集中在逻辑论证上，那么失语症就是彻头彻尾的失败。然而，苏格拉底对话中的启示录不仅是失败的，而且值得研究。有必要将它们作为苏格拉底调查的基本阶段来考察，否则，通过问题和答案编织的运动将被简化为一些医生，而苏格拉底将被视为这种医生的承担者。因为与苏格拉底的对话是“上帝的礼物”(阿波尔)。30d7-e1)是我们从假定我们“知道一些高尚和美好的东西”中解脱出来(阿波尔。和我们的傲慢。也就是说，在柏拉图早期的对话中，苏格拉底的天赋在于剥夺了我们假设自己知道一些东西的能力。因此，本研究通过文本(这项研究的报告涉及拉克斯、普罗塔戈拉、利西斯、高尔吉亚、共和国一世和梅诺)考察了苏格拉底的追问是如何以及为什么陷入疏离的，并阐述了苏格拉底疏离的意义。

The aim of this research is to expound and examine Socrates' inquiry in Plato's early dialogues and its significance of today. Since Plato's dialogues are not traces of solidary thinking, but movements between Socrates and his interlocutors (and even bystanders), I don't target this research for seeking any doctorines Socrates (or Plato) might have reached. In fact, Socratic inquiries always fall into aporias. If those inquiries focus on logical argumentations, aporias are nothing but plain failures. Aporias in the Socratic dialogues, however, are not mere failures, but worthy of investigation. It is necessary to examine them as essential phase of the Socratic inquiries ; otherwise, movements woven through questions and answers would be reduced to some doctorines, and Socrates would be taken as a bearer of such doctorines. For the reason why dialogues with Socrates is 'a gift of the god' (Apol. 30d7-e1) is that we are released from supposing we 'know something noble and good' (Apol. 21d4) and our insolence. That is, the gift 'Socrates' in Plato's early dialogues consists in depriving us of supposing that we know something. Thus, this research has examined by texts (Reports of this research deals with Laches, Protagoras, Lysis, Gorgias, Republic I and Meno) how and why Socratic inquires fall into aporia, and expounded significance of Socratic aporia.