Analysis of psychological factors affecting temporal discounting of rewards.

影响奖励时间贴现的心理因素分析。

• 批准号: 13610075
• 负责人: TAKAHASHI Masaharu
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: Asahikawa Medical College
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13610075/
• 关键词: temporal discounting; impulsivity; self control; light topofraphy; NIRS; achievement motivation; LOC; sensation seeking; フラストレーション; 意思決定; 選択行動; 光トポグラフィー; 性格検査; 認知的熟慮性; 時間的展望; Locus of Control; 報酬割引; 選択; 価値割引; 個人差; 報酬; 条件づけ; 行動経済学; 学

The present study investigated effects of personality differences (Temporal Prospect Scale, Locus of control, Cognitive Deliberation-Impulsivity Scale), age, sex on temporal discounting of rewards. Subjects were undergraduate students of Asahikawa Medical College (medical course and nursing course) and University of Air. In addition, brain activities under several cognitive tasks were examined using NIRS.The results were the following.a.Male subjects discounted more than female subjects.b.Large rewards were discounted more than small ones.c.Students in Asahikawa Medical College discounted more than students in University of Air.d.Scores in Temporal Prospect Scale were higher in males than in females.e.There was a correlation between Temporal Prospect Scale scores and degrees of discounting for students in nursing course of Asahikawa Medical College.f.Students in Asahikawa Medical College showed higher scores of LOC (internal control) than those in University of Air.g.Students in nursing course of Asahikawa Medical College showed lower scores for Cognitive Deliberation-Impulsivity Scale.h.Frontal cortex was involved in concentration of attention.i.Temporal cortex was involved in inhibition of impulsivity.j.NIRS was effective in examining these issues.In conclusion, impulsivity and temporal discounting were affected by several individual factors. These findings could be applied to clinical studies in the future.

本研究考察了人格差异（时间展望量表、控制点量表、认知审慎冲动量表）、年龄、性别对奖励时间折扣的影响。研究对象为旭川医学院（医学课程和护理课程）和日本空气大学的本科生。此外，使用近红外光谱检查了几种认知任务下的大脑活动。结果表明：a.男性受试者比女性受试者折扣多b.大额奖励比小额奖励折扣多c.朝日医学院学生比空气大学学生折扣多d.时间前景量表得分男性高于女性e.朝日医学院护理课程学生时间前景量表得分与折扣程度存在相关性f.朝日医学院学生显示结果表明，中山医科大学护理专业的学生在认知思考-冲动量表上得分较低，额叶皮层与注意力集中有关，颞叶皮层与冲动抑制有关，nirs能有效地检测这些问题。综上所述，冲动性和时间折扣受多个个体因素的影响。这些发现可以应用于未来的临床研究。

项目成果

選択的聴取の行動的測定装置及びその聴取支援装置

选择性聆听行为测量装置及其听力支持装置

• 发表时间: 2002

近赤外線分光法による高次脳機能の認知神経科学的解析

使用近红外光谱对高级大脑功能进行认知神经科学分析

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: 旭川医科大学フォーラム 4巻1号
• 作者: 高橋 雅治

高橋 雅治: "近赤外線分光法による高次脳機能の認知神経科学的解析"旭川医科大学フォーラム. 4巻1号. 25-29 (2004)

Masaharu Takahashi：“使用近红外光谱对高级大脑功能进行认知神经科学分析”旭川医科大学论坛，第 4 卷，第 1. 25-29 期（2004 年）。