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Analysis of psychological factors affecting temporal discounting of rewards.

影响奖励时间贴现的心理因素分析。

基本信息

批准号：
13610075
负责人：
TAKAHASHI Masaharu
金额：
$ 2.11万
依托单位：
Asahikawa Medical College
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The present study investigated effects of personality differences (Temporal Prospect Scale, Locus of control, Cognitive Deliberation-Impulsivity Scale), age, sex on temporal discounting of rewards. Subjects were undergraduate students of Asahikawa Medical College (medical course and nursing course) and University of Air. In addition, brain activities under several cognitive tasks were examined using NIRS.The results were the following.a.Male subjects discounted more than female subjects.b.Large rewards were discounted more than small ones.c.Students in Asahikawa Medical College discounted more than students in University of Air.d.Scores in Temporal Prospect Scale were higher in males than in females.e.There was a correlation between Temporal Prospect Scale scores and degrees of discounting for students in nursing course of Asahikawa Medical College.f.Students in Asahikawa Medical College showed higher scores of LOC (internal control) than those in University of Air.g.Students in nursing course of Asahikawa Medical College showed lower scores for Cognitive Deliberation-Impulsivity Scale.h.Frontal cortex was involved in concentration of attention.i.Temporal cortex was involved in inhibition of impulsivity.j.NIRS was effective in examining these issues.In conclusion, impulsivity and temporal discounting were affected by several individual factors. These findings could be applied to clinical studies in the future.

本研究考察了人格差异（时间前景量表、心理控制源量表、认知深思熟虑-冲动性量表）、年龄、性别对奖励时间折扣的影响。对象为旭川医科大学（医学课程和护理课程）和空气大学的本科生。此外，本发明还提供了一种方法，本研究采用近红外光谱技术对几种认知任务下的大脑活动进行了研究。结果表明：（1）男性被试比女性被试更容易被忽视;（2）B.大奖励比小奖励更容易被忽视;（3）旭川医科大学的学生比空气大学的学生更容易被忽视;（4）男性的时间前景量表得分高于女性;（5）时间前景量表得分与f.旭川医科大学的学生在护理课程中的折扣程度较高，（内部控制）比空气大学的学生。g.旭川医科大学护理课程的学生表现出较低的认知审议分数-冲动量表。h.额叶皮层参与注意集中。i.颞叶皮层参与冲动抑制。j.近红外光谱有效在研究这些问题。总之，冲动和时间折扣的影响，由几个单独的因素。这些发现可以应用于未来的临床研究。