Research on the Actual Condition or Doctor-Patient Relationship in Contemporary America

当代美国医患关系现状研究

• 批准号: 13610190
• 负责人: TAKAGI Kazuyoshi
• 金额: $ 2.24万
• 依托单位: TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13610190/
• 关键词: Doctor-Patient Relationship; Revolution of Medical Thoughts; Informed Consent; Right of Self-determination; Bioethics; America; アメリカ

The medical thoughts, has continued since ancient Greece, has received the great revolutionary change at the 70's of American society. Peorle questioned the arbitrary power of doctors and insisted the right of self-determination of patients, as well as repudiate doctors treat oatients as the objects of manipulation. Then gradually, the shared decision making of doctors and patients was institutionalized, based on the informed consent.The aims of this study are to analyze the actual conditions of doctor-patient relationship in contemporary United States, and to make clear the real situation of revolution of medical thoughts' in America. For that sake I tried to do the participant observation and some interview with the medical people and patients at the New York Children's Hospital and the Medical Center as well as the Medical School of Columbia University.As the results of this field research, I can make clear the following points.(1) Many professions other than doctors, bioethicists, … More medical sociologists, medical social workers, psychologists, take part in at the hospitals of the United States.(2)Patients and members of their family can look freely at teir chant (Karte).(3)Nurses, not doctors, take the responsibility to manage the words.(4)The informed consent is institutionalized firmly.(5)People including patients agree that medical professins must get the informed consent from all patient, even though they are children, mental patients. Therefore many hospitals provide a lots of means for even chidren and mental patients to be able to understand their own conditions of deseases, for example, videos, pictures, panels, so on.(6)There appeared a lots or disputes about problems presented by the advanced medical technologies, then developed the interdisciplinary research of philosophy, theology, jurisprudence, sociology, and medical sciences.(7)Among them, medical sociology play the very important roles to criticize the individualistic bias and the absolutization of the right of self-determination of bioethics. On the basis of these results, I would advance to make clear the change of doctors-patients relationship concretely by the field research.As regard to the conditions of Japan not receiving baptism of medical thoughts revolution, not institutionalized the informed consent, I think we can get the great fruits if we throw the light on American theoretical efforts during the development of medical thoughts revolution. Less

自古希腊延续至今的医学思想，在70年代的美国社会发生了巨大的革命性变化。皮奥勒质疑医生的专断权力，坚持病人的自决权，反对医生将病人作为操纵的对象。本研究旨在分析当代美国医患关系的现实状况，以了解美国医学思想革命的真实的情况。为此，我尝试对纽约儿童医院、医学中心和哥伦比亚大学医学院的医务人员和病人进行了参与式观察和访谈。(1)除了医生，生物伦理学家， ...更多信息 医学社会学家，医学社会工作者，心理学家，在美国的医院里参与。（2）患者及其家属可以自由地观看他们的圣歌（Karte）。（3）护士而不是医生，承担管理话语的责任。（4）知情同意制度化。（5）包括病人在内的人们都同意医疗人员必须得到所有病人的知情同意，即使他们是儿童、精神病人。因此，许多医院提供了很多手段，甚至儿童和精神病人能够了解自己的病情，例如，视频，图片，面板等。（6）对先进的医学技术所带来的问题产生了许多争论，进而发展了哲学、神学、法学、社会学、医学等多学科的交叉研究。（7）医学社会学在批判生命伦理学的个体主义偏见和生命伦理学的自决权绝对化方面发挥了重要作用。在此基础上，笔者提出通过实地调研，具体弄清医患关系的变化，针对日本没有接受医学思想革命的洗礼，没有将知情同意制度化的情况，笔者认为，借鉴美国在医学思想革命发展过程中的理论努力，可以取得丰硕的成果。少

项目成果

高城 和義: "機能主義-パーソンズとウェーバー"社会学史研究. 23号. 39-48 (2001)

高城和义：《功能主义——帕森斯和韦伯》《社会学史研究》23期第39-48期（2001）。

TAKAGI, Kazuyoshi: "Functionalism: Parsons and Weber"Studies on the History of Sociology. 23. 39-48 (2001)

高木和义：《功能主义：帕森斯和韦伯》社会学史研究。

TAKAGI, Kazuyoshi: "Introduction to Sociology: An Example of Medical Sociology"Hara, k. et al ed., The New Century of Humanities and Social Sciences. 175-181 (2003)

高木一吉：“社会学导论：医学社会学的一个例子”原，k。

高城 和義: "二一世紀におけるアメリカン・デモクラシーをめぐる諸問題"社会学研究. 70号. 51-73 (2002)

高城和义：“21世纪美国民主的问题”，社会学研究，第70期。51-73（2002年）。

高城 和義: "パーソンズとウェーバー"岩波書店. 236 (2003)

高城和义：《帕森斯与韦伯》岩波书店 236 (2003)。