Research on the Actual Conditions of the Role of Physicians and the Role of Patients in Contemporary USA under the Revolution of Medical Thoughts

医学思想革命下当代美国医生角色和患者角色的现实状况研究

• 批准号: 16402024
• 负责人: TAKAGI Kazuyoshi
• 金额: $ 2.62万
• 依托单位: TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2004 至 2005
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16402024/
• 关键词: revolution of medical thoughts; contemporary medicine in the USA; role of the physicians; role of the patients; informed consent; 医療社会学; アメリカ; 現代アメリカ医療

The Medical thought has received the great revolutionary change at the '70's of American society. People questioned the arbitrary paternalistic power of physicians and insisted the rights of self-determinations as well as repudiated doctors treat patients as the objects of manipulation. These situations I named 'the revolution of medical thoughts'.The aim of this research is to analyze the actual conditions on the role of physicians and the role of patients in the contemporary United States, and to make clear the course of these developments in the 21^<st>. century. For that sake I tried to do the participant observation and some interviews with medical people and patients at the Medical Hospital of San Francisco State University and Hospital of University of California at Los Angels as well as to analyze huge materials of study reports I have collected. Also I tried to do some researches in London University and Heidelberg University to compare with American situations.As the results … More of these field researches I could confirm the following points. (1)The roles of physicians and patients in contemporary America show the most drastic change comparing with England and German. (2)Furthermore these changes were led by Guideline, not Law, with contrast cases of England and German. (3)In the United States the informed consent is institutionalized most rigorously and is conducted actually. (4)The roles of physician and patients in England and Germany did not changed drastically. (5)Many such professions other than physicians as bioethicists, medical sociologists, medical social workers, psychologists, theologians, lawyer take part in many hospitals in the United States. (6)Team medicine is institutionalized in the United States more than in England and Germany. (7)Terminal cares are institutionalized very well in England and Germany than in the United States.In generally speaking I can conclude 'the revolution of medical thoughts goes far in the United States rather than England and Germany. Less

医学思想在70年代美国社会发生了巨大的革命性变化。人们质疑医生专断的家长式权力，坚持医生的自主权，否定医生将病人作为操纵的对象。本研究的目的是分析当代美国医生角色和病人角色的实际状况，并弄清21世纪美国医生角色和病人角色的发展历程<st>。世纪。为此，我尝试在旧金山弗朗西斯科州立大学和洛杉矶加州大学医院进行参与式观察和对医务人员和病人的一些访谈，并分析我收集的大量研究报告材料。另外，笔者还尝试在伦敦大学和海德堡大学进行了一些研究，并与美国的情况进行了比较，结果表明， ...更多信息 在这些实地研究中，我可以证实以下几点。（1）与英国和德国相比，当代美国的医患角色发生了最大的变化。（2）这些变化是由指导思想而非法律引导的，与英国和德国的情况相反。(3)In美国知情同意制度化最严格并得到实际操作。（4）英国和德国的医生和病人的角色没有发生根本性的变化。（5）在美国的许多医院中，除了医生之外，还有许多其他职业，如生物伦理学家、医学社会学家、医学社会工作者、心理学家、神学家、律师。（6）团队医疗在美国比在英国和德国更制度化。（7）临终关怀在英国和德国比在美国制度化得更好。一般来说，我可以得出结论：“医学思想的革命在美国而不是在英国和德国走得更远。少

项目成果

パーソンズ社会理論の思想としての可能性

帕森斯社会理论作为一种思想的可能性

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: パーソンズ・ルネッサンスへの招待(富永健一・徳安彰編)(勁草書房)
• 作者: Rumi;Shiromoto;Tatsuhiko KATO;高城 和義
• 通讯作者: 高城 和義

The potentials of the Social Theory of Talcott Parsons

塔尔科特·帕森斯社会理论的潜力

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: An Invitation to Parsons' Renaisance)(TOMINAGA Ken'ichi & TOKUYASU Akira eds.)(Keiso-Syobo)
• 作者: TAKAGI;Kazuyoshi
• 通讯作者: Kazuyoshi

パーソンズ社会理論の可能性

帕森斯社会理论的可能性

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: パーソンズ・ルネッサンスへの招待(富永健一・徳安彰編)(勁草書房)
• 作者: TAKAGI;Kazuyoshi;高城 和義;高城 和義;高城 和義
• 通讯作者: 高城 和義

高齢者役割をどう規定するか

如何界定老年人的角色

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: 福祉の人間学(窪田暁子・高城和義編)(勁草書房)
• 作者: 島田達巳;久保貞也;佐合紀和;高城 和義
• 通讯作者: 高城 和義

Parsons' Reflection on Social Stratification

帕森斯对社会分层的反思

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Sociological Studies No.79
• 作者: TAKAGI;Kazuyoshi
• 通讯作者: Kazuyoshi