Research on the Actual Conditions of the Role of Physicians and the Role of Patients in Contemporary USA under the Revolution of Medical Thoughts

点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要

The Medical thought has received the great revolutionary change at the '70's of American society. People questioned the arbitrary paternalistic power of physicians and insisted the rights of self-determinations as well as repudiated doctors treat patients as the objects of manipulation. These situations I named 'the revolution of medical thoughts'.The aim of this research is to analyze the actual conditions on the role of physicians and the role of patients in the contemporary United States, and to make clear the course of these developments in the 21^<st>. century. For that sake I tried to do the participant observation and some interviews with medical people and patients at the Medical Hospital of San Francisco State University and Hospital of University of California at Los Angels as well as to analyze huge materials of study reports I have collected. Also I tried to do some researches in London University and Heidelberg University to compare with American situations.As the results … More of these field researches I could confirm the following points. (1)The roles of physicians and patients in contemporary America show the most drastic change comparing with England and German. (2)Furthermore these changes were led by Guideline, not Law, with contrast cases of England and German. (3)In the United States the informed consent is institutionalized most rigorously and is conducted actually. (4)The roles of physician and patients in England and Germany did not changed drastically. (5)Many such professions other than physicians as bioethicists, medical sociologists, medical social workers, psychologists, theologians, lawyer take part in many hospitals in the United States. (6)Team medicine is institutionalized in the United States more than in England and Germany. (7)Terminal cares are institutionalized very well in England and Germany than in the United States.In generally speaking I can conclude 'the revolution of medical thoughts goes far in the United States rather than England and Germany. Less