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Townscape Preservation in Urban Renewal Process : A Sociological Study

城市更新过程中的城市景观保护:一项社会学研究

基本信息

批准号：
13610236
负责人：
HORIKAWA Saburo
金额：
$ 2.05万
依托单位：
Hosei University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The central questions of this research were : first, what impact the redevelopment of central city areas has on urban landscapes ; and second, what social changes this brings. The purpose of this study was to discover the causes of the frequent conflicts surrounding urban redevelopment. The first question was investigated by surveying architectural landscapes, and for the second question the analytical methods of environmental sociology and urban sociology were used.This research analyzed the redevelopment process using the Otaru Canal preservation issue in the city of Otaru in Hokkaido as a case study. Specifically, three things were analyzed : 1) the stages of development of the movement to protect the canal ; 2) the stages in the responses of the merchant class ; and 3) changes in the landscape and quantitative changes in the shopping districts.Survey results included the following : 1) Those promoting the building of roads conceived of the canal as a "space" with functional capabilities, while those in favor of preserving the canal saw it as a "place" embodying the memories of the residents. 2) The differences in these two groups' concepts of space made dialog between them difficult 3) Out of fear that they would lose customers if they made their own postion clear, merchants did not get involved with the "canal issue." 4) Since the second half of the 1990s, the increasing focus on tourism has raised land prices and the historic environment has been rapidly lost, widening the gap between Otaru's image and reality.In conclusion, the "canal preservation movement" was not the sort of backward-looking movement implied by the word "preservation," but in fact was a struggle for citizen-led social management of changes in the urban landscape. In this way, this study may clarify points that should be considered in future urban redevelopment policies and machizukuri efforts.

本研究的中心问题是：第一，中心城市地区的再开发对城市景观有什么影响;第二，它带来了什么样的社会变化。本研究的目的在于探讨都市重建中冲突频仍的原因。第一个问题通过建筑景观调查进行了研究，第二个问题运用了环境社会学和城市社会学的分析方法，以北海道小樽市的小樽运河保护问题为例，分析了再开发的过程。具体分析了保护运河运动的发展阶段、商人阶层的反应阶段、商业区的景观变化和数量变化三个方面。调查结果如下：1）那些促进道路建设的人，将运河视为具有功能能力的“空间”，而赞成保留运河的人则认为它是一个承载着居民记忆的“地方”。2)两个群体空间观念的差异，使得双方对话困难。3、商人们担心自己的立场一旦明确，就会失去顾客，所以没有介入“运河问题”。“4）1990年代后半期以来，旅游业的日益发展提高了土地价格，历史环境迅速丧失，小樽的形象与现实之间的差距越来越大。总之，“运河保护运动”并不是“保护”一词所暗示的那种向后看的运动，“但实际上是一场以公民为主导的城市景观变化的社会管理斗争。通过这种方式，本研究可以澄清在未来的城市再开发政策和Machizukuri努力中应该考虑的要点。