Role of women and folklore in fishing communities along the coastal line of Japan Sea

这项研究的目的是利用在日本海沿岸四个渔业社区进行实地调查所收集的数据，讨论妇女，特别是渔民妇女的作用和参与。这些社区是北海道的Mashike，东北的Wakinosawa，北陆的Kaiso和三宁的Egumo。这些数据是在2001年到2003年间收集的。为了实现研究目的，以下数据被认为有助于有效分析：渔业现状，渔业变化状况，渔民家庭的社会经济状况，渔民的宗教和仪式。然而，在现代日本渔业的这些变化中，渔妇一直是主要的参与者。考察渔民家庭的生活史或生活故事是为了考察渔民妻子如何参与渔业活动和渔业社区的社会现实。2001年，我们在这四个社区进行了预研究，以了解一般知识。2002年，继续进行研究调查，最终选择东北的Wakinosawa和北陆的Kaiso作为详细的实地研究社区。在这两个社区中，有可能收集到更多的详细数据。图书馆和博物馆也可以利用一些历史文献。2003年，本研究的最后一年，在这两个社区进行了更多的实地调查。在Kaiso中，女性与仪式的关系，特别是收集海藻来自女性的传统经济工作，即收集漂浮物到海滩。在Wakinosawa，妇女的重要社会作用通过渔业合作社妇女部得以明确。

The purpose of this study is to discuss the role and participation of women, particularly fisherwives, using the data collected by field surveys in four fishing communities located along the coast line of Japan Sea. These communities are Mashike in Hokkaido, Wakinosawa in Tohoku, Kaiso in Hokuriku, and Egumo in Sanin. These data was collected between 2001 and 2003.To carrying out the research purpose, following data was thougut to be useful for effective analysis: the present condition of fishery, changing condition of fishing, socio-economic situation of fisher-families, religion and ritual among fiserfolks. Fisherwives, however, have been main participants among these changing conditions among fishery in modern Japan. Consideration of life-history or life-story of fisher-families is to exam how fisherwives have participated fishing activities and social reality among fishing communities.In 2001, pre-research was conducted in those four communities to understand general knowledge. In 2002, research surveys were continued, finaly Wakinosawa in Tohoku and Kaiso in Hokuriku were selected for detailed field research communities. In these two communities, it was possible to collect more minute data. Libraries and museums were also available to utilize some historical documents. In 2003, firal year of this study, more field surveys in these two communities were carried out to accomplish. In Kaiso, relationship between women and ritual, in particulary, collecting seaweed is from women's traditional economic work, which is collecting floatings toward beach. In Wakinosawa, women's important social role have been clear through women's department of fishery co-operative society.