A Micro-level Research on Formation and 11ansformation of Folklore among Fishing Communities-Fmm the view point of Fisher Families-

该研究于2005年至2007年进行，重点是三个渔业社区，Yonouzu(Saeki-shi, Ooita-ken), yoshimura（下关市，山口县），Enoshima（Onagawa-machi, Ojika，宫城县）。运用生活史和民族志分析的框架，研究渔民家庭在民俗形成与转化中的作用。在微观层面的研究中，每个社区选取2 ~ 3户渔民家庭作为抽样数据，采用参与式观察法收集详细资料。使用生活史和人种学框架研究了以下问题。1)捕鱼的变化2)根据环境条件选择捕鱼行为3)渔民家庭的家庭经济4)渔民家庭的社会参与5)渔民社区的宗教和仪式。我分析和考虑了每个家庭如何对应这些问题，特别是基于性别关系，即夫妻关系。但在每个渔业社区中，妇女（妻子）的行为对每个家庭的丈夫实施的捕鱼策略和家庭经济都有很强的作用，在丈夫不在的情况下，妇女的作用很重要。面对社区和环境的变化，妇女在渔民家庭中的作用的重要性已经显露出来。

The research has been conducted 2005 to 2007 focused on three fishing communities, Yonouzu(Saeki-shi, Ooita-ken), Yoshimoura(Shimonoseki-shi, Yamaguchi-ken), Enoshima(Onagawa-machi, Ojika, Miyagi-ken).The object of the research is the role of fisher-families playing part of formation and transformation of folklore using the frame work of life-history and ethnographical analysis.For this micro-level research, two to three fisher families in each community were chosen as sampling data, then detailed information were collected by participant observation method. The following issues were examined using life history and ethnographical frame work.1) Change of fishing 2) Chose of fishing behaviors according to environmental condition 3) Household economy of fisher family 4) Social participation of fisher family 5) Religion and ritual of fishing communitiesI analyzed and considered how each family corresponded to these issue, in particular, based on gender relationship, that is husband - wife relations.In every fishing community, however there are few differences, behaviors of woman (wife) has a strong function to each family for strategy of fishing conducted by husband and household economy, and the role of women is important during the absence of husband.Facing to communal and environmental change, the importance of the role of women in a fisher family has been revealed.