Study of Islamic Movement in the Southern Philippines in the 20th Century : A Quest of Solution of Ethnic Conflicts

本研究旨在从多个角度考察20世纪菲律宾伊斯兰运动的活力。通过对20世纪30年代拉瑙伊斯兰改革运动的调查，揭示了20世纪上半叶伊斯兰运动的活力。根据伊斯兰领袖用马拉瑙语写的信件，它认为，这些信件的目的是捍卫穆斯林社会的现有秩序，同时要求在穆斯林中执行伊斯兰法律。通过对20世纪30年代一位著名土匪的活动和形象的分析，也揭示了流行的伊斯兰信仰在他们的运动中所起的重要作用。本研究透过分析1960年代当地马拉老语出版物的文本与社会背景，也检视当地乌拉玛如何看待棉兰老岛的现况，以及他们如何尝试改变现况。审查当代民间社会的和平运动，包括伊斯兰的和平运动，表明它们通过监视侵犯人权行为和提高社会道德，在防止武装冲突升级方面发挥重要作用。

This study aims at examining the dynamism of the Islamic movements of the Philippines in the 20th century, from various angles. Through investigating an Islamic reformist movement in Lanao in the 1930s, it brings to light the dynamism of the Islamic movements in the first half of the 20th century. Based on letters written in the Maranao language by Islamic leaders, it argues that they aimed at defending the existing order of Muslim society, while requesting that the Islamic law be implemented among the Muslims. An analysis of the activities and image of a famous bandit in the 1930s, also brings to light the important role the popular Islamic beliefs played in their movement.By analyzing the text and social context of local publications in the Maranao language in the 1960s, this study also examines the way the local Ulama perceived the contemporary situation in Mindanao, and how they tried to change it. An examination of the contemporary peace movements of civil society, including those that are Islamic, indicates their important role in preventing the escalation of armed conflict, by keeping watch on human rights violations and enhancing social moral.