Study of Islamic Movement in the Southern Philippines in the 20th Century : A Quest of Solution of Ethnic Conflicts

本研究旨在从多个角度考察20世纪菲律宾伊斯兰运动的活力。通过考察20世纪30年代拉瑙岛的一场伊斯兰改良主义运动，揭示了20世纪上半叶伊斯兰运动的活力。根据伊斯兰领导人用马拉瑙语写的信件，它辩称，他们的目的是捍卫穆斯林社会的现有秩序，同时要求在穆斯林中实施伊斯兰法律。通过对20世纪30年代一位著名土匪的活动和形象的分析，揭示了流行的伊斯兰信仰在他们的活动中所起的重要作用。通过对20世纪60年代马拉瑙语地方出版物的文本和社会语境的分析，本研究还考察了当地乌拉玛人对棉兰老岛现状的看法，以及他们如何试图改变这种状况。对包括伊斯兰在内的民间社会当代和平运动的审查表明，它们通过监测侵犯人权行为和加强社会道德，在防止武装冲突升级方面发挥了重要作用。

This study aims at examining the dynamism of the Islamic movements of the Philippines in the 20th century, from various angles. Through investigating an Islamic reformist movement in Lanao in the 1930s, it brings to light the dynamism of the Islamic movements in the first half of the 20th century. Based on letters written in the Maranao language by Islamic leaders, it argues that they aimed at defending the existing order of Muslim society, while requesting that the Islamic law be implemented among the Muslims. An analysis of the activities and image of a famous bandit in the 1930s, also brings to light the important role the popular Islamic beliefs played in their movement.By analyzing the text and social context of local publications in the Maranao language in the 1960s, this study also examines the way the local Ulama perceived the contemporary situation in Mindanao, and how they tried to change it. An examination of the contemporary peace movements of civil society, including those that are Islamic, indicates their important role in preventing the escalation of armed conflict, by keeping watch on human rights violations and enhancing social moral.