W.B. Yeats's View of Culture : The Limitation and Possibility of Cultural Hybridity

基于最初的研究计划，即从多个角度探讨叶芝爱尔兰文化观的局限性和可能性，笔者在过去的两年中发表了三篇论文。本文的主要内容如下：1.本文作者在《叶芝诗歌中关于爱尔兰文化的主体地位，特别是关于指示词“that”》一文中，通过对叶芝的宠儿指示词”that“的功能分析，论证了他作为参议员所设想的代表整个爱尔兰的新的文化体系不是纯粹的、同质的，而是混杂的、异质的.在《文化混杂导论》和《叶芝：爱尔兰文化的混杂》两篇文章中，作者试图考察叶芝对文化混杂的态度。前一篇文章试图将19世纪世纪的消极文化杂合理论与当今的积极文化杂合理论进行比较，并认为它们在外表上非常相似，但在本质上却截然不同。在后者中，作者抨击了传统的观点，即叶芝代表了新教的优势文化，认为他从未停止面对爱尔兰文化混杂的现实，并在他的一生中对此保持矛盾。一方面，叶芝对文化杂合持否定的态度，这与其世纪的观点相似。另一方面，他又一直梦想着在爱尔兰建立一个混合文化的和谐体系，以实现南北和平统一，实现爱尔兰的真正独立。

Based on the initial research plan which is to examine the limitation and possibility of W.B.Yeats's view of Irish cultures from various perspectives, the present writer published three essays in the past two years. The outlines of these essays are as follow:1. In "Yeats's Subject Positions on Irish Cultures in his Poems, with Special Reference to the Deixis 'that'," the present writer demonstrated through the analysis of the function of Yeats's pet deixis 'that' that the new system of cultures which he as a senator imagined to represent the whole of Ireland was not pure and homogeneous but hybrid and heterogeneous.2. In " Introduction to Cultural Hybridity" and "Yeats: Hybridity of Irish Cultures," essays published in The Outside Inside British Literatures: Postcolonialism and Cultural Hybridity, the present writer attempted to examine Yeats's attitude to cultural hybridity. The former essay is an attempt to have compared the 19th century negative theory of cultural hybridity with the present-day positive one and to have argued that they are very alike in appearance but quite different in nature. In the latter, the author, attacking the traditional view that Yeats represented the culture of Protestant Ascendancy, argued that he never ceased to face up to the reality of Ireland's cultural hybridity and remained ambivalent toward it throughout his life. On the one hand, Yeats held the negative view of cultural hybridity which is similar to its 19th century version. On the other, he consistently dreamed of creating the harmonious system out of hybrid cultures in Ireland in order to realise the peaceful unity of the North and the South and achieve the true independence of Ireland.