W.B. Yeats's View of Culture : The Limitation and Possibility of Cultural Hybridity

根据最初的研究计划，从不同的角度考察叶芝对爱尔兰文化的看法的局限性和可能性，作者在过去的两年里发表了三篇论文。这些文章的提纲如下：在《叶芝诗歌中对爱尔兰文化的主体立场，特别提到指示词that》一文中，作者通过分析叶芝钟爱的指示词that的功能，证明了他作为参议员所想象的代表整个爱尔兰的新文化体系不是纯粹的、同质的，而是混合的、异质的。在发表于《英国文学的内外：后殖民主义与文化杂交性》的文章《文化杂交性导论》和《叶芝：爱尔兰文化的杂交性》中，笔者试图考察叶芝对文化杂交性的态度。前一篇文章试图将19世纪文化混杂的否定理论与当今的积极理论进行比较，并指出它们在表面上非常相似，但在本质上却截然不同。在后者中，作者抨击了叶芝代表新教优势文化的传统观点，认为他从未停止面对爱尔兰文化混杂的现实，并在其一生中始终对此持矛盾态度。一方面，叶芝对文化混杂持否定观点，这与19世纪的版本相似。另一方面，他一直梦想着在爱尔兰建立一个混合文化的和谐体系，以实现南北和平统一，实现爱尔兰的真正独立。

Based on the initial research plan which is to examine the limitation and possibility of W.B.Yeats's view of Irish cultures from various perspectives, the present writer published three essays in the past two years. The outlines of these essays are as follow:1. In "Yeats's Subject Positions on Irish Cultures in his Poems, with Special Reference to the Deixis 'that'," the present writer demonstrated through the analysis of the function of Yeats's pet deixis 'that' that the new system of cultures which he as a senator imagined to represent the whole of Ireland was not pure and homogeneous but hybrid and heterogeneous.2. In " Introduction to Cultural Hybridity" and "Yeats: Hybridity of Irish Cultures," essays published in The Outside Inside British Literatures: Postcolonialism and Cultural Hybridity, the present writer attempted to examine Yeats's attitude to cultural hybridity. The former essay is an attempt to have compared the 19th century negative theory of cultural hybridity with the present-day positive one and to have argued that they are very alike in appearance but quite different in nature. In the latter, the author, attacking the traditional view that Yeats represented the culture of Protestant Ascendancy, argued that he never ceased to face up to the reality of Ireland's cultural hybridity and remained ambivalent toward it throughout his life. On the one hand, Yeats held the negative view of cultural hybridity which is similar to its 19th century version. On the other, he consistently dreamed of creating the harmonious system out of hybrid cultures in Ireland in order to realise the peaceful unity of the North and the South and achieve the true independence of Ireland.