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Study on Performance of Environmentally Benign and High Efficiency Plasma MHD Generator under Continuous Operation

环保高效等离子体磁流体发生器连续运行性能研究

基本信息

批准号：
15106005
负责人：
YAMASAKI Hiroyuki
金额：
$ 56.24万
依托单位：
Tokyo Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15106005/
关键词：
plasma MHD generator supersonic closed loop continuous operation high temperature gas circulation energy balance pressure loss pressure ratio power generation experiment シード添加超高効率発電不純物除去クローズドループ希ガス定常循環不純物

项目摘要

The development of environmentally benign and highly efficient power plant is important to reduce CO2 emission and to save energy resources. The present research was focused on a plasma MHD generator, and performances of the supersonic closed loop with the disk MHD generator were investigated. The closed loop is a major system in the MHD power plant, and noble gas circulates inside the closed loop. In the present experiment, argon was used as working fluid. Experimental results are summarized as follows.The high temperature (>1900K) argon circulation was carried out successfully during 2.4 hours. The heat gain and loss of argon was investigated, and a large heat loss was found at the diffuser and the exhausting duct although an energy efficiency of recuperator was high. The large heat loss was ascribed to water cooling at the diffuser and the exhausting duct. At the same time, the enhancement of heat transfer coefficient was suggested. The argon temperature and the heat loss calculated under an assumption of four times larger heat transfer coefficient have shown a good agreement with experimental ones. The pressure ratio inside the loop was discussed, and the result has indicated that the total pressure at the upstream of nozzle throat is decided by the total temperature and the mass flow. On the other hand, the total pressure at the downstream is determined by the total mass in the loop and the total pressure at the upstream. The power generation was carried out, and a good correlation between the load resistance and the Hall voltage was observed. However, the power output remained very small.

发展环境友好、高效的发电厂对于减少二氧化碳排放、节约能源具有重要意义。目前的研究重点是等离子体 MHD 发生器，并对盘式 MHD 发生器的超声闭环性能进行了研究。闭环是MHD电厂的主要系统，稀有气体在闭环内循环。在本实验中，使用氩气作为工作流体。实验结果总结如下：在2.4小时内成功进行了高温(>1900K)氩气循环。对氩气的得热量和失热量进行了研究，发现尽管同流换热器的能效较高，但扩压器和排气管处的热量损失较大。大量热损失归因于扩散器和排气管道处的水冷却。同时建议提高传热系数。在四倍大传热系数假设下计算的氩气温度和热损失与实验结果吻合良好。讨论了环路内的压力比，结果表明喷嘴喉部上游的总压力由总温度和质量流量决定。另一方面，下游的总压力由回路中的总质量和上游的总压力决定。进行发电，观察到负载电阻与霍尔电压之间存在良好的相关性。然而，功率输出仍然很小。