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IMPROVEMENT OF PLASMA MHD GENERATOR PERFORMANCE BY OPTIMIZATION OF CHANNEL GEOMETRY

通过优化通道几何形状提高等离子体 MHD 发生器性能

基本信息

批准号：
09305018
负责人：
YAMASAKI Hiroyuki
金额：
$ 13.7万
依托单位：
Tokyo Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09305018/
关键词：
plasma MHD generator enthalpy extraction isentropic efficiency swirl area ratio fluctuation Mach number エネルギー変換高性能化全圧損失

项目摘要

The objective of present study is an improvement on performance of the plasma MHD generator which is expected to provide very high thermal efficiency.In fiscal 1997, effects of an area ratio on a relation between the isentropic efficiency and the enthalpy extraction were investigated experimentally and an optimization of the area ratio was also made. As a result, the highest isentropic efficiency was achieved and it was 46.5 %. At the same time, the highest power density of 140 MW/mィイD13ィエD1 was demonstrated. The experiments have indicated that a high isentropic efficiency required for a commercial power plant is possible only for the Disk MHD generator with a small area ratio.An introduction of an inlet swirl was adopted in fiscal 1998 in order to improve the enthalpy extraction. A new concept was adopted to the design of the swirl vane, and in order to design the swirl vanes, three-dimensional numerical simulation was carried. The simulation indicated that thin swirl vanes are useful to reduce fluid-dynamical loss. In the experiments with the inlet swirl, the enthalpy extraction was improved remarkably and as a result, the highest isentropic efficiency increased up to 54.3 %. This is the highest for the plasma MHD generator.In fiscal 1999, behavior of flow field and plasma in the MHD generator was investigated and a lot of important data was accumulated. The data have suggested that a large positive swirl and a high Mach number were kept in the MHD generator and this led to the high isentropic efficiency. The present study has encouraged us to proceed to the next step in which an achievement of higher performances than the present ones is a main objective.

本研究的目的是提高等离子体MHD发生器的性能，这有望提供非常高的热效率。在财政1997年，面积比对等熵效率和焓提取之间的关系的影响进行了实验研究，并优化面积比。结果表明，等熵效率最高，为46.5%。同时，还展示了140 MW/m的最高功率密度D13兆瓦D1。实验表明，只有小面积比的盘式MHD发电机才有可能达到商业发电厂所要求的高等熵效率。为了提高焓提取，在1998年财政年度引入了入口涡流。采用了一种新的概念设计旋流叶片，并对旋流叶片进行了三维数值模拟。计算结果表明，薄旋流叶片有利于减少流动损失。在有旋流的实验中，焓提取得到了显著改善，最高等熵效率提高到54.3%。1999财年，对磁流体发电机内流场和等离子体的行为进行了研究，积累了大量重要数据。实验结果表明，磁流体发电机内保持了较大的正旋和较高的马赫数，从而获得了较高的等熵效率。目前的研究鼓励我们进行下一步，其中实现比目前更高的性能是一个主要目标。