Rhetoric and scholasticism in fifteenth-century Italy

十五世纪意大利的修辞学和经院哲学

• 批准号: 13610686
• 负责人: ENOMOTO Takefumi
• 金额: $ 1.02万
• 依托单位: Hitotsubashi University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13610686/
• 关键词: Renaissance; humanism; scholasticism; rhetoric; dialectic; translation; Aristotelianism; ピコ・デッラ・ミランドラ; エルモラオ・バルバロ; レオナルド・ブルーニ; アンジェロ・ポリツィアーノ

The present research project purported to look into aspects of the opposition in fifteenth-century Italy between humanism and rhetoric on the one hand and scholasticism and dialectic on the other, for which the head investigator studied the relevant literature housed in the British Library and the Warburg Institute. The objects of research fall into three main groups : 1.Leonardo Bruni's ‘De interpretatione recta' written in relation to his own Latin version of "Ethica Nicomachea". In this treatise on translation, Bruni extolled the humanist method that tried to capture the ‘sententia' (meaning) as against the medieval translation that respected the ‘verbum' (word). The investigator also studied other scholars and translators such as Alfonso de Cartagena, Georgius Trapezuntius, Joachim Perion. 2. The controversy on philosophy and rhetoric between Giovanni Pico della Mirandola and Ermolao Barbaro. Pico maintained that scholastic philosophy possessed unique values not fully appreciated by the estheticism of humanist rhetoric, whereas Barbaro objected that rhetoric was superior to philosophy and promoted a humanist Aristotelianism based on the Greek original. 3. Angelo Poliziano's "Lamia", a ‘praelectio' (opening lecture) at the Studio Fiorentino. The oration, which Poliziano delivered before embarking on his course of Aristotle's works on logic, defended the explication of philosophical texts by philologists and humanists. Common to the three objects of research above were the humanists' opposition to scholasticism and dialectic, which still retained influential positions in fifteenth-century Italy, and the rise of a new humanist Aristotelianism that derived from the original Greek text.

本研究项目旨在探讨15世纪意大利人文主义和修辞学与经院哲学和辩证法之间的对立，为此，首席研究员研究了大英图书馆和瓦尔堡研究所的相关文献。本文的研究对象主要分为三大类：1.布鲁尼的《论正义的解释》与他自己的拉丁文译本《尼各玛契亚伦理学》的关系。在这篇关于翻译的论文中，布吕尼赞扬了试图捕捉“意义”的人文主义方法，而不是尊重“动词”（词）的中世纪翻译。调查员还研究了其他学者和翻译家，如阿方索德卡塔赫纳，乔治乌斯Trapezuntius，Joachim Perion。2.乔瓦尼·皮科·德拉·米兰多拉与埃尔莫劳·巴巴罗的哲学修辞之争。皮科认为经院哲学具有独特的价值，人文主义修辞学的美学没有充分认识到这一点，而巴巴罗反对修辞学上级于哲学，并提倡基于希腊原文的人文主义哲学。3.安杰洛·波利齐亚诺的“拉米亚”，在佛罗伦萨工作室的“praelectio”（开幕演讲）。这篇演说是波利齐亚诺在开始学习亚里士多德的逻辑著作之前发表的，为哲学家和人文主义者对哲学文本的解释进行了辩护。上述三个研究对象的共同点是人文主义者对经院哲学和辩证法的反对，后者在15世纪的意大利仍然保持着有影响力的地位，以及一种新的人文主义的兴起。