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Impacts of Information and Communication Technology on Logistics System

信息通信技术对物流系统的影响

基本信息

批准号：
13630044
负责人：
NEMOTO Toshinori
金额：
$ 1.79万
依托单位：
Hitotsubashi University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The prices of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have been reduced dramatically so that private firms and consumers are now changing their behaviors, and without doubt it has influenced the logistics system. One scenario is that e-commerce would make it easy for the consumer to purchase products from his home and then them delivered right to his door. The increased volume of freight vehicles required to fulfill delivery requirements would aggravate traffic congestion and environmental problems. Another scenario is concerned with its positive impact on transportation. Monitoring consumer demand through the Internet makes it possible to produce and transport goods only on demand. Furthermore, the private sector will try to find solutions with the help of Internet and Intelligent Transport System (ITS) ; for example, real-time procurement of transportation services from third party logistics (3PL).In the research we built a framework to evaluate the impacts of ICT on logistics based on review results on the past literatures concerned, and conducted case studies. The evidences indicates that the ICT and ICT and ITS highly influence the logistics system. In particular freight traffic can be reduced by outsourcing logistics services to the couriers and 3PL with ICT ability, and by development of e-logistics and e-fleet management. Concerning marketplaces of logistics services, however, it is uncertain whether they would satisfy the risk-averting shipper's strict requirements. ICT will give the government opportunities to effectively implement the policies on logistics as well. The government is expected to provide the fundamental transportation and information infrastructure, such as the databases of digital map and traffic information.

信息和通信技术(ICT)的价格已经大幅下降，因此私营企业和消费者现在正在改变他们的行为，这无疑已经影响了物流系统。一种情况是，电子商务将使消费者很容易从家里购买产品，然后直接送货上门。满足交货要求所需的货运车辆数量增加，将加剧交通拥堵和环境问题。另一种情况与其对交通运输的积极影响有关。通过互联网监控消费者需求，使得只按需生产和运输商品成为可能。此外，私营部门将尝试借助互联网和智能运输系统(ITS)来寻找解决方案，例如从第三方物流(3PL)实时采购运输服务。在研究中，我们根据以往相关文献的回顾结果构建了一个评估信息和通信技术对物流影响的框架，并进行了案例研究。证据表明，信息通信技术和信息通信技术及其对物流系统的影响很大。特别是，可以通过将物流服务外包给信使和具有信通技术能力的第三方物流以及发展电子物流和电子车队管理来减少货运量。然而，关于物流服务的市场，尚不确定它们是否能满足规避风险的托运人的严格要求。信息和通信技术也将为政府提供有效实施物流政策的机会。预计政府将提供基础交通和信息基础设施，如数字地图和交通信息数据库。