Formation of Industrial Districts in Prewar Osaka

战前大阪工业区的形成

• 批准号: 13630089
• 负责人: SAWAI Minoru
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: Osaka University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13630089/
• 关键词: Machine and Metal Industries; Industrial Cluster; Higashi-Osaka; Takaida District; Technical Schools; Trading Companies of Machines; Engineers; Subcontracting Factories; 工業高校; 拠点工場

The targets this research project tried to investigate are composed of two parts:(l) formation of the industrial district during the wartime Japan, and (2) the job-search process, transfer and promotion of technical schools graduates between the wars.As the results of the research, we could show the following points. Firstly as the factors which promoted the formation of metal and machinery centered factory district in Osaka during the quasi-war and wartime periods, we shall point out the opening up of the "Industrial Road" in 1936 and the advent of relatively cheap plant sites by the completion of land consolidation through 1939. In addition, secondhand-machine dealers played an important role in the formation of the factory district. Continuation of start-ups and transfers itself made factory district much attractive for plant sites, where even small manufacturers could secure abundant various kinds of machine works bred among the intricate networks of subcontractors.Secondly the first public technical secondary school in Osaka was the Municipal Osaka Technical School (Miyakojima), which opened its door in April 1908. Miyakojima was originally established as a technical school, but its unique six-year program set it apart and made it one of the most famous technical schools in Japan, with great emphasis on scientific principles and experimentation. Teachers of Miyakojima who tried to place their students in various kinds of positions, reproved graduates for easy transfer, but frequent transfer among graduates never ceased until the wartime. The ratio of graduates who became self-employed could not be neglected, and in many cases, it needed around ten years after graduation for graduates to open up their own business except the succession of family business.

本研究的研究对象分为两个部分：（1）日本战时工业区的形成，（2）两次大战之间技校毕业生的求职、转移和晋升过程。首先，作为准战时和战时大坂金属机械工业区形成的促进因素，我们将指出1936年“工业道路”的开辟和1939年土地整理完成后相对廉价的工厂用地的出现。此外，二手机器经销商在工厂区的形成中发挥了重要作用。由于创业和转移的不断进行，即使是小型制造企业也能在错综复杂的分包商网络中获得丰富的各种机械设备，因此工厂区对工厂选址具有很大的吸引力。第二，大坂的第一所公立中等技术学校是1908年4月开设的大坂市立技术学校（宫古岛）。宫古岛最初是一所技术学校，但其独特的六年制课程使其脱颖而出，成为日本最着名的技术学校之一，非常重视科学原理和实验。宫古岛的教师们试图将他们的学生安置在各种各样的职位上，谴责毕业生容易调动，但毕业生之间的频繁调动直到战时才停止。大学毕业生自主创业的比例不容忽视，很多情况下，除了继承家族企业外，毕业生创业需要十年左右的时间。

项目成果

澤井 実: "戦間期における工業学校卒業生の就職・移動・昇進-大阪市立都島工業学校を事例に-"大阪大学経済学. 53. 1-22 (2003)

泽井稔：“两次世界大战期间技校毕业生的就业、流动和晋升——以大阪市宫古岛工业学校为例”《大阪大学经济学》53. 1-22 (2003)。

Minoru Sawai: "The Job-Search Process, Transfer And Promotion of Technical School Graduates Between the Wars : Case of Osaka Municipal Miyakojima Technical School"Osaka Economic Papers. Vol.53, No.2. 1-22 (2003)

泽井稔：《两次世界大战期间技校毕业生的求职过程、转业和晋升：以大阪市立宫古岛技工学校为例》《大阪经济论文》。

澤井 実: "戦間期における工業高校卒業生の就職・移動・昇進-大阪市立都島工業高校を事例に-"大阪大学経済学. 53巻2号. 1-22 (2003)

泽井稔：“两次世界大战期间技术高中毕业生的就业、流动和晋升——以大阪市立宫古岛技术高中为例”《大阪大学经济学》第53卷第2.1-22期（2003年）。

澤井 実: "戦時下における工場集積地の形成-大阪府布施市高井田地区の事例-"大阪大学経済学. 52. 1-22 (2001)

泽井稔：“战时工厂集群的形成——以大阪府布施市高井田地区为例”《大阪大学经济学》52. 1-22（2001）。

Minoru Sawai: "Formation of the Factory District During the Wartime Japan : The Case of Takaida District in Fuse, Osaka"Osaka Economic Papers. Vol.52, No.2. 1-22 (2002)

泽井稔：“日本战时工厂区的形成：以大阪布施市高田区为例”《大阪经济论文》。