Studies on the Global-Local Problems in Spatial Planning

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This research is aimed at studying the problems where a single policy might have contradicting effects on the different spatial levels. The two problems. i.e., the proper land use of a country and the location of public facilities, are the major topics of the report. which comprises 4 chapters. Chapter 1 is on the problem related to the coexistence of overcrowded and depopulated areas. A model of two cities with internal spaces is formulated, where productivity receives an externality not from the mass of population, but from its spatial distribution. Although it is difficult to analytically obtain the qualitative results, our numerical analysis suggests that a policy to seek global balance can promote local imbalance. Chapter 2 and 3 are on the location of NIMBY facilities. A model concerning the case where two adjacent communities independently build their waste disposal plants is formulated, and spatial arrangements of the facilities are evaluated numerically from the viewpoint of social welfare. A statistical comparative static scheme is used to organize the diversified results. An empirical study on the location of waste disposal plants in Fukushima Prefecture is reported in Chapter 3. which attempts to quantify the degree of dislike using the deviation of the sites from the cost-efficient points where transport costs are minimized. When more than one facility is operated in one zone, the area served by the each facility Is determined by the Voronoi divisions Chapter 4 is on the efficient location of airports. The model considers two foreign countries, one near and the other far apart, and whether to build the second airport in the home county along a line segment. The numerical results suggest that the local policy to provide two airports In the hope of reducing individual access costs does not necessarily bring the increase in the social surplus, thus disagrees with the global target.