Development of new propagation and production systems of some edible wild herbs by increasing their growth activity and proliferation potency

通过提高一些食用野菜的生长活性和增殖能力，开发新的繁殖和生产系统

• 批准号: 13660019
• 负责人: TAKAGI Hideaki
• 金额: $ 2.3万
• 依托单位: Yamagata University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13660019/
• 关键词: Hosta; Polygonatum; Smilacina; dormancy; a year-round culture; forcing culture; micropropagation; マイクロプロパゲーション; 休眠; in vitro増殖; 順化; 短日; 成長力の季節的変動; ギョウジャニンニク; チャイブ; オオバギボウシ; コバギボウシ; 休眠誘導

1.Dormancy and its breaking in Hosta(1)Hosta plants were induced to grow continuously by transfer to both 16-hour daylength and 27℃ regardless of the growth stage. When the growth of main axes weakened for bolting, some lateral buds sprouted and developed into lateral shoots. In such a case, H.sieboldii (H.albomarginata) developed several vigorous lateral shoots per plant, but H.sieboldiana few lateral shoots. After chilling H.sieboldiana developed a few vigorous lateral shoots.(2)Dormancy in Hosta was readily induced by exposure to 8-hour daylength, regardless of the growth stage.(3)The lateral buds in H.sieboldiana had deep paradormancy while the main axes maintained vegetative growth., but those in H.sieboldil had shallow or almost no one.2.Breaking bud dormancy of Polygonatum and Smilacina rhizomes(1)P.macranthum rhizomes had very deep dormancy in November or earlier, and P.odoratum ones deep dormancy in October or earlier. Their dormancy was broken by the treatment for about 90 days at 5 However, the dormancy in July or earlier was hardly broken by such a treatment.(2)The dormancy of S japonica rhizomes was also broken by the 5℃ treatment, but the dormancy in October or earlier failed to be broken by such a treatment.3.In vitro proliferation in HostaA great many adventitious shoots were produced by in vitro culturing young seedlings in Hosta. Those microshoots were maintained in vitro for a long term and efficiently propagated. Acclimatization of the plantlets were achieved in two weeks with a high survival rate.4.Applications of the results obtained(1)Establishing the technical system for a year-round culture in Hosta.(2)Establishing some extreme forcing-culture in Polygonatum and Smilacina.(3)Establishing efficient proliferation by micropropagation in Hosta

1.(1)将玉簪植株转移至16 h日长和27℃，不论其生长阶段如何，均可诱导其连续生长。当主轴生长因抽苔而减弱时，部分侧芽萌发并发育为侧芽。在这种情况下，三叶草（h.a albomarginata）每株生长出几个强壮的侧芽，而三叶草（h.b eboldiana）几乎没有侧芽。在冷却后，雪莲产生了几个强壮的侧枝。(2)在8 h日照条件下，玉簪在不同生长阶段均易诱导休眠。(3)侧芽具有较深的异态性，而主轴保持营养生长。但在西博尔蒂尔，这些人很少或几乎没有人。黄精和菝葜根茎的破芽休眠(1)。大黄根茎的深度休眠时间在11月或更早，天竺葵根茎的深度休眠时间在10月或更早。在5点时，它们的休眠被打破了约90天，但在7月或更早的休眠几乎没有被打破。(2) 5℃处理也能打破粳稻根茎的休眠，但不能打破10月或更早的休眠。玉簪的离体增殖：通过对玉簪幼苗的离体培养，可以产生大量的不定芽。这些微芽在体外长期保持，繁殖效率高。2周内驯化完成，成活率高。(1)建立霍斯塔一年生栽培技术体系。(2)在黄精和菝葜中建立了一些极端强迫栽培。(3)在玉簪中建立高效的微繁增殖

项目成果

高樹英明, 斎藤康子: "ウルイ(ギボウシ)の成長継続の条件と芽休眠の種類間差異"園芸学会雑誌. 73(別1). 129-129 (2004)

Hideaki Takaki、Yasuko Saito：“Urui (hosta) 芽休眠的条件和差异”，日本园艺学会杂志 73（第 1 部分）（2004 年）。

Takagi, H., Y.Saito: "Conditions of growth maintenance and genotypic differences on bud dormancy in Hosta"J.Japan.Soc.Hort.Sci.. 73(Suppl.1). 129 (2004)

Takagi, H., Y.Saito：“玉簪花芽休眠的生长维持和基因型差异的条件”J.Japan.Soc.Hort.Sci.73(Suppl.1)。

高樹英明, 星野麻美: "オオバギボウシとコバギボウシの休眠生態の比較"園芸学会雑誌. 71(別1). 271-271 (2002)

Hideaki Takaki，Asami Hoshino：“Oobagiboshi 和 Kobagibou 休眠生态的比较”园艺学会杂志 71（第 1 部分）（2002 年）。

高樹英明: "ギボウシの休眠に及ぼすと日長と種間差異の影響"園芸学会雑誌. 72・別1. 112-112 (2003)

Hideaki Takaki：“光周期和种间差异对玉簪休眠的影响”日本园艺学会杂志 72，第 1 部分。112-112 (2003)。

Takagi, H., D.Ito: "Effects of daylength and genotypic differences on dormancy in Hosta"J.Japan.Soc.Hort.Sci.. 72(Suppl.1). 112 (2003)

Takagi, H., D.Ito：“日长和基因型差异对玉簪休眠的影响”J.Japan.Soc.Hort.Sci.72(Suppl.1)。