Development of new propagation and production systems of some edible wild herbs by increasing their growth activity and proliferation potency

通过提高一些食用野菜的生长活性和增殖能力，开发新的繁殖和生产系统

• 批准号: 13660019
• 负责人: TAKAGI Hideaki
• 金额: $ 2.3万
• 依托单位: Yamagata University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13660019/
• 关键词: Hosta; Polygonatum; Smilacina; dormancy; a year-round culture; forcing culture; micropropagation; マイクロプロパゲーション; 休眠; in vitro増殖; 順化; 短日; 成長力の季節的変動; ギョウジャニンニク; チャイブ; オオバギボウシ; コバギボウシ; 休眠誘導

1.Dormancy and its breaking in Hosta(1)Hosta plants were induced to grow continuously by transfer to both 16-hour daylength and 27℃ regardless of the growth stage. When the growth of main axes weakened for bolting, some lateral buds sprouted and developed into lateral shoots. In such a case, H.sieboldii (H.albomarginata) developed several vigorous lateral shoots per plant, but H.sieboldiana few lateral shoots. After chilling H.sieboldiana developed a few vigorous lateral shoots.(2)Dormancy in Hosta was readily induced by exposure to 8-hour daylength, regardless of the growth stage.(3)The lateral buds in H.sieboldiana had deep paradormancy while the main axes maintained vegetative growth., but those in H.sieboldil had shallow or almost no one.2.Breaking bud dormancy of Polygonatum and Smilacina rhizomes(1)P.macranthum rhizomes had very deep dormancy in November or earlier, and P.odoratum ones deep dormancy in October or earlier. Their dormancy was broken by the treatment for about 90 days at 5 However, the dormancy in July or earlier was hardly broken by such a treatment.(2)The dormancy of S japonica rhizomes was also broken by the 5℃ treatment, but the dormancy in October or earlier failed to be broken by such a treatment.3.In vitro proliferation in HostaA great many adventitious shoots were produced by in vitro culturing young seedlings in Hosta. Those microshoots were maintained in vitro for a long term and efficiently propagated. Acclimatization of the plantlets were achieved in two weeks with a high survival rate.4.Applications of the results obtained(1)Establishing the technical system for a year-round culture in Hosta.(2)Establishing some extreme forcing-culture in Polygonatum and Smilacina.(3)Establishing efficient proliferation by micropropagation in Hosta

1.寄主休眠及其解除(1)无论生长阶段，转移至16小时日长和27℃均可诱导寄主植株持续生长。当抽苔期主轴生长减弱时，一些侧芽萌发并发育成侧枝。在这种情况下，西伯利亚海棠(H.sieboldii)每株有几个活力旺盛的侧枝，而西伯利亚海棠(H.sieboldiana)几乎没有侧枝。(2)无论处于哪个生长阶段，黄精的侧芽都很容易进入休眠状态。(3)黄精的侧芽有很深的反常现象，但主轴保持营养生长，而黄精和土豆的侧芽休眠较浅或几乎没有。(1)黄精和土豆的破芽休眠在11月或更早，而玉竹在10月或更早的时候休眠。用5-℃处理能解除S根茎的休眠，但不能解除10月或更早的休眠。3.寄主的体外增殖通过幼苗的试管培养产生了大量不定芽。试管苗在试管内保存时间长，繁殖效率高。结果的应用：(1)建立了玉竹常年栽培的技术体系；(2)建立了黄精和牡丹的极限催芽培养体系；(3)建立了玉竹的快速繁殖体系。

项目成果

高樹英明, 斎藤康子: "ウルイ(ギボウシ)の成長継続の条件と芽休眠の種類間差異"園芸学会雑誌. 73(別1). 129-129 (2004)

Hideaki Takaki、Yasuko Saito：“Urui (hosta) 芽休眠的条件和差异”，日本园艺学会杂志 73（第 1 部分）（2004 年）。

Takagi, H., Y.Saito: "Conditions of growth maintenance and genotypic differences on bud dormancy in Hosta"J.Japan.Soc.Hort.Sci.. 73(Suppl.1). 129 (2004)

Takagi, H., Y.Saito：“玉簪花芽休眠的生长维持和基因型差异的条件”J.Japan.Soc.Hort.Sci.73(Suppl.1)。

高樹英明, 星野麻美: "オオバギボウシとコバギボウシの休眠生態の比較"園芸学会雑誌. 71(別1). 271-271 (2002)

Hideaki Takaki，Asami Hoshino：“Oobagiboshi 和 Kobagibou 休眠生态的比较”园艺学会杂志 71（第 1 部分）（2002 年）。

高樹英明: "ギボウシの休眠に及ぼすと日長と種間差異の影響"園芸学会雑誌. 72・別1. 112-112 (2003)

Hideaki Takaki：“光周期和种间差异对玉簪休眠的影响”日本园艺学会杂志 72，第 1 部分。112-112 (2003)。

Takagi, H., D.Ito: "Effects of daylength and genotypic differences on dormancy in Hosta"J.Japan.Soc.Hort.Sci.. 72(Suppl.1). 112 (2003)

Takagi, H., D.Ito：“日长和基因型差异对玉簪休眠的影响”J.Japan.Soc.Hort.Sci.72(Suppl.1)。