Garlic as new anti-cancer and chemopreventive functional food

大蒜（Allium sativum L.）据报道，其成分可以降低患癌症的风险。在本项目中，我们将大蒜作为一种新的化学预防和抗癌食品。烯丙基硫醚的抗癌作用、构效关系及其抗肿瘤作用机制本实验研究了二烯丙基三硫醚（DATS）及其类似物烷（烯）基硫醚对人结肠癌细胞株HCT-15增殖的影响。DATS能显著抑制HCT-15细胞的增殖（IC = <50>5.0μM），而烷（烯）基单硫化物（如二烯丙基单硫化物; DAS）和二硫化物（如二烯丙基二硫化物; DADS）对HCT-15细胞的增殖无影响。依赖于烷（烯）基碳链长度，烷（烯）基三硫化物处理的细胞显示出抑制细胞增殖的趋势。DATS可抑制细胞周期进程于G2/M期，并伴有cyclin B1蛋白水平的升高，同时还可诱导细胞凋亡， ...更多信息 通过半胱天冬酶-3的激活引起细胞的上睑下垂。DATS抑制细胞分裂间期的聚合。体外微管蛋白浊度测定。DATS抑制微管聚合，但不抑制微管解聚.烯丙基硫醚的化学预防作用：烯丙基硫醚对I相和II相药物代谢酶的影响。对于Ⅰ相酶，DAS（100μmol/kg）可显著提高细胞色素P450（GYP）2 E1活性，而DADS和DATS对GYP 2 E1活性、肝脏总ATP含量和CYP 1A 1/2活性无明显影响。关于II相酶，DATS（10μmol/kg）和10倍剂量的DADS（100μmol/kg）显著提高谷胱甘肽S-转移酶、醌还原酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性;在四氯化碳（CCl_4）诱导的大鼠急性肝损伤模型中，DATS（10μmol/kg）或DADS（100μmol/kg）均能明显减轻CCl_4诱导的Ⅱ相酶损伤。总之，DATS可能是大蒜油中保护我们的身体免受日常生活中遇到的自由基分子伤害的重要因素之一。少

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) and its components have been reported to reduce the risk of cancer. In this project we have characterized garlic as new chemopreventive and anti-cancer food.1. Anti-cancer effect of allyl sulfides ; structure-function relationship and their mechanisms involved in anti neoplastic activityIn this study we investigated the effects of diallyl trisulfide (DATS) and its analogue alk(en)yl sulfides on proliferation of HCT-15, human colon cancer cell line. DATS significantly inhibited the proliferation of HCT-15 cells (IC_<50>=5.0μM), while both alk(en)yl monosulfides (e.g. diallyl monosulfide ; DAS) and disullfides (e.g. diallyl disulfide ; DADS) did not show any effect on the cell proliferation. Depending on the alk(en)yl carbon chain length, alk(en)yl trisulfide treated cells showed the tendency to inhibit the cell proliferation. DATS inhibited the cell cycle progression at G2/M phase which accompanied elevation of cyclin B1 protein level, and also induced the apo … More ptosis in the cells via activation of caspase-3. DATS inhibited the polymerization of the cells in interphase. In vitro tubulin turbidity assay. DATS inhibited the microtubule polymerization, but not microtubule depolymerization.2. Chemopreventive effect of allyl sulfide ; The effect of allyl sulfides on the phase I and II drug-metabolizing enzymes.Allyl sulfides were administered i.p. as a bolus to Wistar strain rats for 14 days. As to the phase I enzymes, DAS (100μmol/kg) significantly increased cytochrome P450 (GYP) 2E1 activity, whereas DADS and DATS did not affect it or the hepatic total CYP level or CYP1A1/2 activity. With respect to the phase II enzymes, DATS (10μmol/kg) and DADS at a 10-fold higher dose (100μmol/kg) significantly increased the activities of glutathione S-transferase, quinone reductase, and glutathione peroxidase ; whereas DAS did not.In the carbon tetrachloride (CCl_4)-induced acute liver injury model of rats, either DATS (10μmol/kg) or DADS (100μmol/kg) significantly reduced the injury caused by the induction of phase II enzymes with CCl_4. In conclusion, DATS may be one of the important factors in garlic oil that protects our body against the injury caused by radical molecules encountered in daily life. Less