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Study on the interaction between mycorrhizal fungi and soil inbaiting mycoparasite

菌根真菌与土壤寄生物相互作用的研究

基本信息

批准号：
13660159
负责人：
OHMASA Masatake
金额：
$ 1.02万
依托单位：
Shinshu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Ectomycorrhizal fungi include valuable edible fungi, such as Tricholoma matsutake, Lyophyllum shimeji, Lactarius hatsudake and fungi of Boletaceae. Fungi of Boletaceae and Rhizopogon rubescens also increase efficiency of forestation. To promote these usage of ectomycorrhizal fungi, it will be an important method to grow ectomycorrhizal fungi in forest soil using their culture. To perform the artificial inoculation of forest soil, damage of ectomycorrhizal fungi by soil inbaiting mycoparasite, such as Trichoderma will be an important problem. To study this problem, the interaction between ectomycorrhizal fungi and Trichoderma was studied by culturing these fungi on agar media. Main results were as follows.1)Fourteen,stains of 9 species of ectomycorrhizal fungi and two strains of Trichoderma were used.2)The interaction was performed at rather high temperature and high humidity conditions, in most cases, Trichoderma overgrew ectomycorrhizal fungi. But in several cases, ectomycorrhizal fungi completely Stopped the growth of Trichoderma.3)In paired culture, Trichoderma spores germinated well, but afterwards the growth of mycelia was retarded by ectomycorhizal fungi.4)When Trichoderma spores were inoculated on mycelial mat of ectomycorrhizal fungi, the germination of spores were retarded.5)The kind of media used for the interaction of ectomycorrhizal fungi and Trichoderma, affected the result of interaction. Especially concentrations of carbon source and nitrogen source affected strongly.6)Water content of media and temperature of interaction also affected the interaction of ectomycorrhizal fungi and Trichoderma.7)When mycorrhiza formed between pine roots and these ectomycorrhizal fungi were challenged by Trichoderma, in several cases, Hartig net or mantle of mycorrhiza was not observed.From these results, it is concluded that by selecting the medium condition adequately ectomycorrhizal fungi will stop the growth of Trichoderma in the interaction of these fungi.

外生菌根真菌包括有价值的食用菌，如松茸、番茄、乳菇和牛肝菌科真菌。牛肝草科和冬凌草的真菌也能提高造林效率。为了促进这些外生菌根真菌的利用，利用它们的培养物在森林土壤中培养外生菌根真菌将是一种重要的方法。在进行森林土壤人工接种时，寄生木霉等真菌的土壤对外生菌根真菌的危害是一个重要问题。为了研究这一问题，采用琼脂培养法研究了外生菌根真菌与木霉菌的相互作用。主要研究结果如下：1)对9种外生菌根真菌和2株木霉菌进行了14个菌株的培养。2)相互作用是在较高的温度和高湿度条件下进行的，大多数情况下木霉菌会过度生长外生菌根真菌。3)在配对培养中，木霉孢子萌发良好，但随后菌丝生长受到外生菌根真菌的抑制。4)将木霉孢子接种到外生菌根真菌的菌丝垫上，抑制了孢子的萌发。5)外生菌根真菌与木霉相互作用所用的培养基种类，影响了相互作用的结果。尤其是碳源和氮源的浓度对木霉与松根真菌的相互作用有很大的影响。6)培养基含水率和相互作用温度对木霉与松根真菌的相互作用也有影响。7)当松根与木霉之间形成的菌根受到木霉菌的侵染时，在某些情况下没有观察到菌根的哈蒂网或菌盖。