Study on the interaction between mycorrhizal fungi and soil inbaiting mycoparasite

外生菌根真菌包括松茸、离褶伞、红汁乳菇和牛肝菌科真菌等名贵食用菌。牛肝菌科真菌和冬凌草也能提高造林效率。利用外生菌根真菌培养物在森林土壤中培养外生菌根真菌，将是促进外生菌根真菌利用的重要途径。森林土壤人工接种外生菌根真菌时，土壤诱食真菌寄生物（如木霉菌）对外生菌根真菌的危害是一个重要问题。为了研究这一问题，通过在琼脂培养基上培养外生菌根真菌和木霉菌，研究了它们之间的相互作用。主要结果如下：1）9种14株外生菌根真菌和2株木霉菌的互作; 2）互作在较高的温度和湿度条件下进行，大多数情况下木霉菌超过外生菌根真菌。3）木霉孢子在配对培养中萌发良好，但随后菌丝生长受到外生菌根真菌的抑制; 4）木霉孢子接种在外生菌根真菌的菌丝垫上时，孢子萌发受到抑制; 5）外生菌根真菌与木霉互作所用的培养基种类，影响了互动的结果。6）培养基含水量和相互作用温度也影响外生菌根真菌与木霉的相互作用。7）外生菌根真菌与松树根之间形成的菌根在木霉的挑战下，有几种情况下没有观察到哈蒂格网或菌根套。因此，通过选择适当的培养基条件，外生菌根真菌可以在相互作用中抑制木霉的生长。

Ectomycorrhizal fungi include valuable edible fungi, such as Tricholoma matsutake, Lyophyllum shimeji, Lactarius hatsudake and fungi of Boletaceae. Fungi of Boletaceae and Rhizopogon rubescens also increase efficiency of forestation. To promote these usage of ectomycorrhizal fungi, it will be an important method to grow ectomycorrhizal fungi in forest soil using their culture. To perform the artificial inoculation of forest soil, damage of ectomycorrhizal fungi by soil inbaiting mycoparasite, such as Trichoderma will be an important problem. To study this problem, the interaction between ectomycorrhizal fungi and Trichoderma was studied by culturing these fungi on agar media. Main results were as follows.1)Fourteen,stains of 9 species of ectomycorrhizal fungi and two strains of Trichoderma were used.2)The interaction was performed at rather high temperature and high humidity conditions, in most cases, Trichoderma overgrew ectomycorrhizal fungi. But in several cases, ectomycorrhizal fungi completely Stopped the growth of Trichoderma.3)In paired culture, Trichoderma spores germinated well, but afterwards the growth of mycelia was retarded by ectomycorhizal fungi.4)When Trichoderma spores were inoculated on mycelial mat of ectomycorrhizal fungi, the germination of spores were retarded.5)The kind of media used for the interaction of ectomycorrhizal fungi and Trichoderma, affected the result of interaction. Especially concentrations of carbon source and nitrogen source affected strongly.6)Water content of media and temperature of interaction also affected the interaction of ectomycorrhizal fungi and Trichoderma.7)When mycorrhiza formed between pine roots and these ectomycorrhizal fungi were challenged by Trichoderma, in several cases, Hartig net or mantle of mycorrhiza was not observed.From these results, it is concluded that by selecting the medium condition adequately ectomycorrhizal fungi will stop the growth of Trichoderma in the interaction of these fungi.