Biomechanical study of crow especially, visual, vocal sound, memory and learning

乌鸦的生物力学研究，尤其是视觉、声音、记忆和学习

• 批准号: 13660281
• 负责人: SUGITA Shoei
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: Utsunomiya University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13660281/
• 关键词: Crow; First warning call; Second warning call; Vocal communication; voice analyzing; Voice wave cycle; 餌ねだりコール; カラス; 色覚; 行動; 学習; カテゴリー思考; 数的概念; 脳; 学習・行動; 脳化指数; 視覚

Vocal sin was investigated in crow (Curves macrorhynchos). Vocal signs were determined five categories. One was first step of warning, second step (called A) and third steps warring call (called B). Another two were love call and feeding call. Sound cycle rang was **00〜10,000Hz. However, strong waves were located in 2000〜3000 Hz. Sound waves of First warning voice were longer than that of other warning voice.When Warning condition become to more critical situation, interval of repeated voice was getting short and voice wave cycle was 1,000〜2,000Hz. In this situation, crows behavior makes special sign with bite tree branch around crow.Love call sings were very light voice. After male crow makes such sound, female crow makes similar and more lightly sounds. They repeat each other. Sound wave of this condition located at 6000Hz in the voice analyzer.

研究了乌鸦（Curves macrorhynchos）的发声情况。嗓音体征分为五类。一是第一步预警，二是第二步（称为A），三是第三步战呼（称为B）。另外两种是爱的呼唤和喂养的呼唤。声音周期范围为 **00 ~ 10000 Hz。然而，强波位于2000 - 3000 Hz。第一次报警声的声波较其他报警声长，当报警情况变得更危急时，重复声的间隔变短，声波周期为1000 ~ 2000 Hz。在这种情况下，乌鸦的行为用咬树的分支作特殊的标志，爱叫爱唱，声音很轻。公乌鸦发出这种声音后，母乌鸦发出类似的声音，而且声音更轻。他们互相重复。这种情况的声波在语音分析仪中位于6000 Hz。

项目成果

杉田 昭栄: "おもしろ生態学かしこい防ぎ方 カラス"社団法人 農山漁村文化協会. 190 (2004)

Akie Sugita：“有趣的生态和防止乌鸦的聪明方法”农村文化协会 190 (2004)。

杉田 昭栄: "カラスCrow"細胞工学. 11. 1330-1331 (2002)

Akie Sugita：“乌鸦”细胞工程。11. 1330-1331 (2002)。

Shoei Sugita: "Crow"Cell and Technology. 21. 1330-1331 (2002)

Shoei Sugita：“Crow”细胞和技术。

杉田 昭栄: "カラス Corvus"細胞工学. 11号21巻. 1330-1331 (2002)

Akie Sugita：“乌鸦座”细胞工程，第 11 卷，1330-1331 (2002)。

杉田昭栄: "ハシブトガラスの中枢神経機構-脳構造、学習能力を中心として-"上野動物園開園120周年記念 学術発表会要旨集. 27-34 (2002)

杉田昭惠：《长嘴乌鸦的中枢神经系统——关注大脑结构和学习能力——》纪念上野动物园开园120周年学术演讲摘要27-34（2002年）。