Electrophysiological analysis of feeding-related network in the hypothalamus, based on the gluco-static and lipo-static theories

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1. In brain slice experiments, neuronal activity of the ventro-medial part of the arcuate nucleus (mARC) in rats was excited dose-dependently by application of leptin. The ratio of neurons excited by 10^<-10>M leptin was about 60%. The excitation was observed in low Ca^<2+>, high Mg^<2+> Ringer's solution as well as in normal Ringer's solution.2. Neuronal activity of the mARC was excited dose-dependently by application of orexin-A. The ratio of mARC neurons excited by 10^<-7>M orexin-A was about 70%. The excitation was observed in low Ca^<2+>, high Mg^<2+> Ringer's solution as well as in normal Ringer's solution. Neurons excited by orexin-A were also excited by orexin-B. The magnitude of excitation induced by orexin-B was greater than that induced by orexin-A.3. Neuronal activity of the mARC was excited dose-dependently by ghrelin. The ratio of mARC neurons excited by 10^<-7>M ghrelin was about 70%. The excitation was observed in low Ca^<2+>, high Mg^<2+> Ringer's solution as well as in normal Ringer's solution. About a half of neurons excited by ghrelin was also excited by orexin.