Political, Cultural and Psychoanalytical Aspects of "Hearing" and Gender

本研究的目的是调查性别结构出现时“听”的政治、文化和精神分析方面。通过将“听”这一行为引入经典女性主义关于“看”及其权力功能的研究中，我们试图审视各种产生权力的模糊方式，这些方式不能被简单地归入“看”主体和“被看”客体的二元关系中。为此，我们通过分析几个关于流行音乐和戏剧的不同主题，集中探讨了以下两个主题：(1)对一个人说的话和声音（以音乐和戏剧/艺术话语的形式）如何影响她/他的性别认同？(2)这些听觉材料是如何与权力问题联系在一起的？我们通过观察政治关系（Nitta）、文化生产和消费场所（Zettsu）和一个人的心理体验（Kondo）来推进这个项目。根据三位研究者的兴趣领域，广泛选择了主题和材料：Nitta研究了说唱音乐的审美政治，Zettsu通过考察美国蓝调音乐和日本流行音乐，指出了流行音乐文化作品的性别意义。近藤则证明了类似的听觉文化政治在早期现代英国戏剧中的作用。

The purpose of this study is to investigate political, cultural and psychoanalytical aspects of"hearing" at the emergence of gender structures. By introducing, the act of "hearing" to the classic feminist studies of "looking" and its function of power, we have intended to examine various ambiguous ways of engendering power, which cannot be subsumed into the simplistic dyad of the "looking" subject and the "looked" object. For this purpose, we have concentrated on pursuing the following two subjects through analyzing several different topics concerning popular music and theater : (1) How do spoken words and sounds addressed to a person (in the form of music as well as dramatic/artistic utterances) influence her/his gender identity? (2) How are such auditory materials connected with the problem of power? We have advanced this project by looking at political relations(Nitta), sites of cultural production and consumption (Zettsu), and one's psychological experiences (Kondo). Topics and materials have been widely chosen in accordance with the three researchers' fields of interests : Nitta has investigated rap music's aesthetic politics, while Zettsu has pointed out gender significance of popular music's cultural works by examining American blues music and Japanese popular music. Kondo, on the other hand, has proved the functioning of similar cultural politics of hearing in the early modern English theater.