To Establish Cytometric Epidemiology by Measuring Benzo[a]pyrene-DNA Adducts as an Example

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Our results were as follows :(1) Standardized lung cancer mortality was significantly correlated with NO_2 content in the air and temperature in Western Japan (e.g., a simultaneous increase of 1 ppb NO_2 and 1℃ of temperature corresponding to 1.9 male death and 0.42 female death per 100,000 population).(2) Temperature in the filter was affected by room temperature at the beginning of smoking, and a difference in temperature in the filter reduced with time.(3) An exposure of graded concentrations of BPDE to cultured cells induced a DNA repair at 37℃ And cell death through apoptosis at 40℃.(4) Fukuoka, Kumamoto, Okayama, and Sapporo were chosen because of a difference in temperature and lung cancer death rate. The BPDE-DNA adduct levels in peripheral lymphocytes from 439 normal male volunteers were measured using 5D11 antibody specific to BPDE-DNA adduct by flow cytometry. As peripheral lymphocytes included BPDE-DNA adduct-positive cells and negative-cells, we calculated proportions of adduct-positive cells, mean adduct levels, and their products as a total adduct level. The proportion of positive cells was significantly higher in Sapporo, high lung cancer death rate and low temperature, than other cities (p<0.001), and Fukuoka, high death rate and high temperature, contained both higher and lower adduct-positive cell groups. Total BPDE-DNA adduct levels were also higher in Sapporo than the other cities (p<0.001). However, we failed to find significant differences in BPDE-DNA adduct between the younger and elder or between smokers and nonsmokers and regional differences in mean adduct level.