Development of real-time color intravascular ultrasound using Wavelet Analysis

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Background and Objects: Wavelet analysis is a new mathematical model for assessing local changes in geometrical profile of time-series signals. We previously reported that Wavelet analysis of video-images of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) might be useful for detecting lipid-rich area with atherosclerotic plaque in vivo. The purpose of this study is the development of real-time color intravascular ultrasound using Wavelet Analysis. Methods: IVUS signals were acquired from 32 formalin-fixed noncalcified atherosclerotic plaques from human necropsy by a 40 MHz IVUS catheter. Wavelet analysis of these images was performed with Daubechies-2 wavelet to obtain the correlation coefficient with the wavelet reconstructed over the x-y plane of the wavelet scale and the distance from IVUS catheter. Results: Histological examination revealed lipid-laden segment in 26 plaques. When performing a wavelet analysis, the bird eye view revealed an apparently different pattern in lipid-laden plaque compared to other types of plaque. Using this wavelet analysis, the lipid-laden plaque could be detected with sensitivity of 81%( 26/32) and specificity of 80%.