Comprehensive Study of Systems that Support the Families of Patients in the Hospital

这项研究的目的是确定适当的系统，以支持住院患者的家属。研究结果如下：1.对45个住院患者和门诊患者家属的访谈结果显示，住院患者家属在生活的各个方面都存在与住院家属照顾相关的困难。对333名医院和社区护士管理者进行的家庭关怀调查结果显示，社区护士管理者对家庭的支持程度高于医院管理者，对家庭关怀的评价也高于医院管理者。大多数医院的护士管理人员认为家庭是病人背景的一部分，但社区中的护士意识到家庭也需要照顾和支持。3.在美国，关心家庭护理的先进医院有一种制度，将病例经理安排在病房。他们通过协调医院的专业人员、提供有关患者护理的教育、进行出院计划等来支持家庭从入院到出院的始终如一的支持。日本一些医院的出院计划部门支持预计出院后会出现一些问题的患者和家庭。这些科室最重要的功能之一，是将病人及其家属转介至所在社区的卫生福利机构及其他专业人员处。这些结果显示，护士个案经理制度是一种适当的制度，以支援住院病人的家属。讨论了未来支持住院家属的政治问题。

The purpose of this study was to identify appropriate systems that support the families of hospital inpatients. The results were as follows.1.The results of interviews with 45 families of hospital inpatients and outpatients showed that the families had difficulties in all areas of their lives related to the care of the hospitalized family member. They cared for the patients without support from persons outside of the family, and they worried about the physicians, nurses, neighbors, coworkers, other family members and the patients in same room as their family members.2.The results of a survey on caring for families among 333 nurse administrators in hospitals and communities show that nurse administrators in the communities are more supportive of families and evaluated their caring for the family more positively than their counterparts in hospitals. Most nurse administrators in hospitals think of families as part of the background of the patient, but those in the communities realize that families also need care and support.3.In the USA, advanced hospitals concerned with family caring have a system that places case managers in the wards. They support families consistently from admission to discharge by coordinating professionals in their hospitals, providing education about patient care, conducting discharge planning, etc. The discharge planning sections of some hospitals in Japan support patients and families who are expected to have some problems after discharge. One of the most important functions of these sections is to refer patients and families to health and welfare organizations and other professionals in their communities.These results indicate that the nurse case manager system is an appropriate system to support families of hospital patients. Political issues to support families in hospital in the future were discussed.