Fundamental Aspects of Odor Perception and Responses on Humans of Inhalation of Essential Oils

气味感知的基本方面(1)感官测试：根据精油香气的感知变化，开发了一种与工作类型有关的精油香气感知变化的感官测试，即脑力劳动、体力劳动和听觉环境(自然)声音。在评估对一种特定气味的感知变化时，通过13对不同的形容词来评估对气味的感知，并在每种类型的工作前后吸入一种气味后记录分数。对每种工种的13个印象描述符的得分变化进行t检验。(2)光学活性芳樟醇的感觉测试：为了弄清气味知觉是否依赖于对映体结构，尝试了芳樟醇的对映异构体，即(R)-(-)-，(S)-()-和(RS)-(±)-形式。感觉评价谱REV…的感觉侧写研究进一步指出，对映体可以被认为是显著不同的气味，这不仅取决于对映体的种类，还取决于分配给受试者的任务。(3)测量的重复性检验：根据感官评价光谱对测量的重复性进行检验。2.气味反应的基本方面：通过多通道皮肤温度计研究和便携式前额表面脑电(IBVA-EEG)测量，研究了气味反应对人体吸入精油香味的影响。被检测的精油是罗勒和薄荷与脑力劳动、芳樟醇和薄荷各自与脑力劳动和听觉环境声音的对比，因为我们之前的感觉测试表明在这些情况下的感觉光谱是相反的。这意味着吸入芳樟醇或薄荷会引起不同的气味反应，这取决于分配给受试者的工作类型(即脑力劳动或听觉环境声音)。I.结论：我们的研究结果表明气味突出的一些重要方面，作为神经生理刺激，会引起不同的感觉，并导致不同的气味反应，依赖于受试者的内部和外部条件。较少

I.Fundamental Aspects of odor perception(1)Sensory Test : Based on perceptional change of fragrance of essential oils, a sensory test for perceptional changes of the fragrance of essential oils was developed in relation to type of work, that is, mental work, physical work and hearing environmental (natural) sounds. In evaluating change in perception of a given aroma, perception of fragrance was assessed by 13 contrasting pairs of adjectives and scores were recorded after inhaling a fragrance before and after each type of work. The statistical significance of the change of score for 13 impression descriptors was then examined by Student's t-test for each type of work.(2)Sensory Test for Optically Active Linalools : In order to make clear whether odor perception depend on enantiometric structure or not, attempts were made for enantiomers of linalool, that is (R)-(-)-, (S)-(+)-and (RS)-(±)-forms, in terms of sensory tests. The sensory profiling study using sensory evaluation spectrums rev … More ealed that enantiomers could be regarded to be significantly different odors with dependence not only on species of enantiomer but also on tasks assigned to the subjects.(3)Repeatability Test of the Measurements : Repeatability of the measure was tested in terms of sensory evaluation spectrums. The obtained results suggest that the measure showed a good repeatability and could be useful in assessing changes in the perception of essential oil fragrances.II.Fundamental Aspects of Odor Responses : The effects on humans inhaling the fragrance of essential oils were examined in terms of a multi-channel skin thermometer study and a portable forehead surface electroencephalographic (IBVA-EEG) measurement. The essential oils examined were those of basil and peppermint vs. mental work, linalool and peppermint each vs. mental work and hearing environmental sounds, because our previous sensory test had indicated an opposite sensory spectrum under these circumstances. These imply that the inhalation of linalool or peppermint cause a different odor reaction, depending on the type of work assigned to the subjects (i.e.,mental work or hearing environmental sounds).IlI.Conclusion : Our findings thus indicated some important aspects of the salience of odors, as neurophysiological stimuli, which cause a different perception and lead a diverse odor reaction with dependence on internal and extraneous conditions of the subject. Less