Hierarchical Structure of Spatial Ability -Correlation between Spatial Ability as Evaluated by a Mental Cutting Test and General Intelligence -

研究以心智切割测验（MCT）评估的空间能力与一般智力之间的相关性。我们对大学生进行了MCT和先进的渐进矩阵（APM）测试。APM作为一种普通智力测验已被广泛使用。我们还进行了明尼苏达州纸表格板测试（MPFBT），一个空间测试，以进行比较。主要结果表明：1)MCT评价的空间能力与一般智力的相关性较高，MPFBT评价的空间能力与一般智力的相关性较低。2)基于三维物体的二维表征，在心理上构建三维物体视觉图像的能力，与一般智力有很高的相关性。3)由于MCT反映了空间可视化因子SVF， MPFBT反映了速度旋转因子SRF，因此空间能力具有层次结构，只有SVF与一般智力相关。

To study the correlation between spatial ability, as evaluated by a Mental Cutting Test (MCT), and general intelligence., we administered both the MCT and the Advanced Progressive Matrices (APM) Test to university students. The APM has been widely used as a general intelligence test. We also administered the Minnesota Paper Form Board Test (MPFBT), a spatial test, for comparison. The principal results are as follows : 1) The spatial ability evaluated by the MCT is highly correlated with general intelligence, while the spatial ability evaluated by the MPFBT has little correlation with it. 2) The ability to mentally construct visual images of three-dimensional objects based on their two-dimensional representations, has a high correlation with general intelligence. 3) As the MCT reflects the SVF (spatial visualization factor) and the MPFBT reflects the SRF (speeded rotation factor), we may conclude that spatial ability has a hierarchical structure and only the SVF is correlated with general intelligence.