The Development of Teaching Materials of Accent Training for Japanese Language Learners

在本研究中，进行了一项实验，以了解哪些口音变化会受到母语人士的负面评价。这项研究试图调查哪些类型的语音变化是被母语人士所容忍的，即使它不是“准确”的发音。根据本研究的结果，我想提出以下对日语教学的启示。(1)形容词教学应遵循“词典形式在最后一个动词前降调”的原则。所有的共轭形式都是在与字典中相同的位置上降调的。（例外是下文第(3)条。）(2)对非谓语动词进行教学时，应遵循“所有共轭形式都与字典形式在同一位置降调”的原则。就字典形式而言，存在两类。A组空投位置在“NAI”。B组的下降位置正好在“NAI”之前。（例外是下文第(3)条。）(3)修饰名词或动词时语气要平顺。这条规则既适用于形容词，也适用于动词的nai形式。但是，在口音训练课程中，对于高级水平的学习者使用更自然的口音，如“ABUNAITOKORO”和“ABUNAKUNA-RU”，对于初级水平的学习者和/或对口音训练要求不高的学习者，使用更系统的简化口音，如“ABUNA-ITOKORO”和“ABUNA-KUNARU”。

In this research, an experiment was conducted on what variation of accent receives negative evaluation from Native Speakers. This study is an attempt to investigate what types of phonological variation are tolerated by Native Speakers even if it is not 'accurate' pronunciation. I would like to suggest the following implications for Japanese language teaching based upon the results of this research.(1) Adjective should be taught with the rule of "Dictionary form drops the tone in front of the last mora. And all conjugated forms drop the tone at the same position as the one of their dictionary form. (The exception is Rule (3)below.)(2) NAI-form of verbs should be taught with the rule of "all conjugated forms drop the tone at the same position as their dictionary form. Regarding the dictionary form, there exist two groups. Group A's dropping position is at "NAI". Group B's dropping position is right before "NAI". (The exception is Rule (3) below.)(3) Keep tone flat when modifying a noun or a verb. This rule can be applied both to adjectives and NAI-form of verbs.However, In accent training sessions, Use more natural accent as in " ABUNAITOKORO" and "ABUNAKUNA-RU" for learners at advanced level, and use more systematically simplified accent as in "ABUNA-ITOKORO" "ABUNA-KUNARU" for learners at beginning level, and/or learners whose needs of accent training are not so high.