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Comparative Study between Japanese and US Comprehensive Management Policies toward Enclosed Coastal Areas -from the Viewpoint of the History of "Adaptive Management".

日美沿海围垦综合治理政策比较研究——以“适应性管理”史为视角

基本信息

批准号：
13680644
负责人：
TAKAYAMA Susumu
金额：
$ 2.3万
依托单位：
Mie University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We could investigate in Maryland State (January, 2002, January, 2003), and could get precious information through the hearing of federal agencies, such as EPA, state agencies, researchers, fishermen, and citizens. Moreover, we could investigate about the method of inner bay management of Japan, especially analyze about the water-quality-control policy and non-point pollution control and regulation-of-total-emission program through the hearing of the Environment Agency Japan Mie Prefecture. As a result, the following conclusions were pointed out.Paying attention to the standup process of Japan-U.S. inner bay management systems, comparison examination was carried out at the structure of the decision-making systems, with relation to water-quality-control policy, under the different background of administrations relationship of both countries, etc. having taken up San Francisco Bay and Chesapeake Bay in the United States and Ise Bay, Seto Inland Sea in Japan. When standup process was inves … More tigated taking into consideration local individuality and the individuality according to both countries, it turned out that the United States have got institutional backup to target "ecosystem management" from early days and Japan is gradually moving toward such process recently.Moreover, it turned out that the inner bay model of the Chesapeake Bay program have developed by existence of a neutral organization for promoting collaboration between different special fields of study, improvement in computer systems, and the information exchange among special organizations divided functionally. The neutral organization is holding the workshop for the external evaluation of a water quality model, in order to promote the exchange between various researchers. Moreover, it was shown that the reason for using the Chesapeake Bay program model is close connection with "the adaptation-management (Adaptive Management)" and "ecosystem management" which are said to have become a technique standard after the middle of the 1990s in the United States. Less

我们可以在马里兰州（2002年1月，2003年1月）进行调查，并通过联邦机构，如EPA，州机构，研究人员，渔民和公民的听证会获得宝贵的信息。此外，通过日本三重县环境厅的听证会，我们可以了解日本内湾管理的方法，特别是分析水质控制政策和非点源污染控制和总量管制计划。研究结果表明：关注日美内湾管理体制的建立过程，在两国不同的行政关系背景下，对与水质控制政策相关的决策体制结构进行了比较研究，美国的旧金山弗朗西斯科湾和切萨皮克湾以及日本的伊势湾、濑户内海。在研究立罐工艺时， ...更多信息考虑到当地的个性和两国的个性，美国从早期就有了以“生态系统管理”为目标的制度支持，日本最近也在逐步走向这一进程。事实证明，切萨皮克湾计划的内湾模式是通过一个中立的组织的存在而发展起来的，该组织旨在促进不同专业人员之间的合作，研究领域，计算机系统的改进，以及职能分工的专门机构之间的信息交流。该中立组织正在举办水质模型外部评估研讨会，以促进各研究人员之间的交流。此外，本文还指出，之所以采用切萨皮克湾项目模式，与美国90年代中期以后成为技术标准的“适应性管理（Adaptive Management）”和“生态系统管理”密切相关。少