Functions of the cortico-subthalamo-pallidal pathway

皮质-下丘脑-苍白球通路的功能

• 批准号: 13680890
• 负责人: NAMBU Atsushi
• 金额: $ 2.3万
• 依托单位: Okazaki National Research Institutes (2002-2003)Tokyo Metropolitan Organization for Medical Research (2001)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13680890/
• 关键词: Basal ganglia; Subthalamic nucleus; Globus pallidus; Hyperdirect pathway; Direct pathway; Indirect pathway; Motor control; Parkinson's disease; 関節路; GABA; グルタミン酸

The functional significance of the cortico-subthalamo-pallidal "hyperdirect" pathway has been investigated, and a dynamic "center-surround model" of basal ganglia function in the control of voluntary limb movements has been suggested. When a voluntary movement is about to be initiated by cortical mechanisms, a corollary signal conveyed through the "hyperdirect" pathway first inhibits large areas of the thalamus and cerebral cortex that are related to both the selected motor program and other competing programs. Then, another corollary signal through the cortico-striato-pallidal "direct" pathway disinhibits their targets and releases only the selected motor program. Based on this model, akinesia observed in Parkinson disease could better be explained by reduced disinhibition in the thalamus and cortex through the "direct" pathway in the spatial and temporal domains. Amelioration of akinesia after subthalamic lesion could also be understood by restored disinhibition in the thalamus and cortex.

研究了皮质-下丘脑-苍白球“超直接”通路的功能意义，并提出了控制肢体自由运动的基底节功能的动态“中心-周围模型”。当一个自愿的运动即将由皮质机制启动时，通过“超直接”通路传递的必然信号首先抑制丘脑和大脑皮层的大片区域，这两个区域既与选定的运动程序有关，也与其他相互竞争的程序有关。然后，另一个通过皮质-纹状体-苍白球“直接”通路的必然信号解除了它们的靶标，只释放了选定的运动程序。基于这一模型，帕金森病中观察到的运动障碍可以更好地解释为丘脑和皮质通过空间和时间域的“直接”途径减少抑制。丘脑下部损伤后运动障碍的改善也可以通过恢复丘脑和皮质的去抑制来理解。

项目成果

南部 篤: "大脳基底核の動的モデルとパーキンソン病"機能的脳神経外科. 42. 44-48 (2003)

Atsushi Nanb​​u：“基底神经节和帕金森病的动态模型”《功能神经外科》42. 44-48 (2003)。

Kitano K, Cateau H, Kaneda K, Nambu A, Takada M, Fukai T: "Two-state membrane potential transitions of striatal spiny neurons as evidenced by numerical simulations and electrophysiological recordings in awake monkeys."J Neurosci. 22. RC20 (2002)

Kitano K、Cateau H、Kaneda K、Nambu A、Takada M、Fukai T：“清醒猴子的数值模拟和电生理记录证明了纹状体多棘神经元的两种状态膜电位转换。”J Neurosci。

Nambu A, Kaneda K, Tokuno H, Takada M: "Partly converging but largely segregated corticostriatal projections from the primary motor cortex and the supplementary motor area."The Basal Ganglia VII.(eds Nicholson LFB, Faul RLlM)(Kiuwer Academic/Plenum Publis

Nambu A、Kaneda K、Tokuno H、Takada M：“来自初级运动皮层和辅助运动区的皮质纹状体投射部分会聚但很大程度上分离。”基底神经节 VII。（编辑 Nicholson LFB、Faul RLlM）（Kiuwer 学术/全体会议）

Nambu A: "Dynamic model of cortico-basal ganglia loo"Brain Mechanisms for the Integration of Posture and Movement. Prog Brain Res 143 (eds Mori S, Stuart DG, Wiesendanger M) (Elsevier,). 143. 461-466 (2004)

Nambu A：“皮质基底神经节的动态模型”姿势和运动整合的大脑机制。

Kaneda K, Imanishi M, Nambu A, Shigemoto R, Takada M: "Differential expression patterns of mGIuRIα in monkey nigral dopamine neurons."NeuroReport. 14. 947-950 (2003)

Kaneda K、Imanishi M、Nambu A、Shigemoto R、Takada M：“猴子黑质多巴胺神经元中 mGIuRIα 的差异表达模式。”NeuroReport。14. 947-950 (2003)