Puffer Culture Using Puffer Toxin-Immunopotentiation and Disease Prevention

假设实际使用“河豚毒素（河豚毒素；TTX）河豚养殖”，虎河豚（幼体，1岁或2岁的鱼）饲养几种。在实际培养场或类似条件下，对含ttx饲料的种类进行研究，并对其毒素积累、健康状况、免疫功能等进行调查。结果显示，无论年龄大小，在注射了TTX的试验鱼中，抗体产量和脾细胞增殖反应都得到了增强，这表明在实际鱼鳞中，喂食含TTX的饲料对健康的河豚也是有效的。当给河豚注射麻痹性贝类毒素（PSP）时，它们的积累效率低于TTX，而TTX没有免疫增强作用。两种类型的TTX，纯化和粗制，腹腔注射到T.rubripes。注射的两种毒素都主要进入皮肤和肝脏，不过净化后的毒素似乎移动得更快，而粗毒素则积聚得更密集。此外，观察脾细胞增殖反应的变化与TTX的运动相关。利用免疫酶技术观察了TTX在携带TTX的生物组织中的微观分布。在河豚中，TTX主要分布在皮肤的基底细胞和琥珀状细胞、卵母细胞的卵黄囊泡、基底细胞的溶酶体等，但分布模式因物种而异。在带状虫cephalalothrix sp.中，TTX在细菌细胞顶端的囊泡、喙部的颗粒细胞、舌孔上皮等中被识别，而在扁平虫Planocera reticulata中，仅在卵子中被识别。除上述结果外，还可以说明海鲀成熟卵巢中含有相当数量的PSP，无毒性饲料培养的海鲀是完全无毒的。少

Assuming the practical use of "puffer culture using puffer toxin (tetrodotoxin ; TTX)", the tiger puffer Takifugu rubripes (larvae, 1-year-, or 2-years-old fish) were reared with several. types of TTX-containing diets in an actual culture field or in the similar conditions, and investigated for their toxin accumulation, health conditions, immunofunctions, etc. As the results, potentiation of both antibody productivity and splenocyte proliferation reaction were seen in the test fish administered with TTX irrespective of their age, indicating that the feeding of TTX-containing diets could be effective for growing up healthy puffers also in practical scales. When the puffers were administered with paralytic shellfish poison (PSP), they could accumulate it less efficiently than TTX, where no immunopotentiating effect was recognized.Two types of TTX, purified and crude, were injected intraperitoneally into T.rubripes. Both the toxins administered moved mainly into skin and liver, though the … More purified one seemed to move more rapidly, while the crude one was accumulated much more densely. In addition, change in splenocyte proliferation reaction correlating with the movement of TTX was observed.Micro-distribution of TTX in the tissues of TTX-bearing organisms was visualized by an immuno-enzymatic technique. In pufferfishes, TTX was distributed mainly in basal cells and succiform cells of the skin, yolk vesicles of oocytes, lysosomes of the basal cells, etc., although the distribution pattern varies depending on the species. In case of the ribbon worm Cephalothrix sp., TTX was recognized in the vesicles apically arranged in the bacillary cells, the granular cells in the proboscis, rhynchocoel epithelium, etc., whereas in the flatworm Planocera reticulata, only in the ovum.In addition to the above results, it could also be clarified that the marine puffer Arothron firmamentum had a considerable amount of PSP in the matured ovary, and that the T.rubripes cultured with non-toxic diet was completely non-toxic. Less