The Philosophy of Life and Death in Japanese Funeral and Burial Rites

2002-2003年，我们从丧葬仪式的角度研究了日本的生命哲学和死亡哲学。本研究分以下几个部分进行。日本文学：关系研究。日本的生死哲学与日本文学（古代、中世纪、江户时代和现代）中所表达的日本葬礼和埋葬仪式。日本佛教：研究日本佛教的生死哲学，以及佛教的死亡仪式与佛教思想的关系。比较研究：印度教与日本佛教的丧葬仪式，欧洲与日本的丧葬仪式。宗教社会学研究：近代日本丧葬仪式的改良研究。本研究的方法是：文献研究，特别是日本丧葬仪式民俗学、佛教生死哲学、日本文学、死亡学、生命伦理学等方面的文献研究，田野调查;白井（北海道的阿伊努民俗），仙台淡路岛县（二之白石地区的葬礼和埋葬仪式）（淡路岛的死后信仰）、京都、大坂（江户时代作家的坟墓）、四国（四国88座寺庙中的几个地方）等，作为这项研究的结果，调查人员撰写了文章，这些文章是一份研究报告。在此基础上，我们发现了日本丧葬仪式中生死哲学的各个方面。然而，我们只研究了一些葬礼和埋葬仪式。我们真诚地希望在未来继续和发展这种或其他类似方式的联合研究。

In 2002-2003, We researched on Japanese philosophy of life and deth from a point of view of the funeral and burial rites. We were engaged in our research under the following divisions.Japanese literature: research on the relationship. of Japanese philosophy of life and death to Japanese funeral and burial rites expressed in Japanese literature (ancient (jodai), medieval, Edo period and modern). Japanese Buddhism: research on the philosophy of life of death in Japanese Buddhism, and the relationships between Buddhist ceremonies of death and Buddhist thoughts. Comparative studies : the funeral rites in Hinduism and Japanese Buddhism, the funeral and burial rites in Europe and Japan. Research from the aspect of sociology of religion: research on the modifications of funeral and burial rites in modern Japan.The way of this research is as follows : Research on literature; literatures especially on folklore of Japanese funeral and burial rites, philosophy of life and death in Buddhism, Japanese literature, thanatology, and bioethics, Field survey; Shiraoi (Ainu folklore in Hokkaido), Sendai (funeral and burial rites in the district of Nenoshiroishi), Awajishima (faith of after death in Awajishima), Kyoto and Osaka (graves of writers in Edo period), Shikoku (several places in 88 temples in Shikoku), etc.As a result of this research, investigators have written articles, and these articles are a research report. As to the result, we have found out the various aspects of the philosophy of life and death in Japanese funeral and burial rites. However, we researched only on a few of the funeral and burial rites. It is sincerely hoped to continue and develop 'a joint research in this or some other similar ways in future.