Foreign Direct Investment into Japan and Strategy of Multinational Enterprises

日本外商直接投资与跨国企业战略

基本信息

批准号：
14530158
负责人：
HASEGAWA Shinji
金额：
$ 1.66万
依托单位：
Waseda University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The objective of this research is to clarify the recent trends of inward direct investment in Japan, putting special attention on the process of decision making made by multinational firms, the economic agent actually making investment. This will be done by applying OLI paradigm known as the theoretical framework for the international production. The result showed that the OLI paradigm could explain quite well the following tow points, namely, (1) the inward investment in Japan has been stagnated for a long period of time at very low level since the Meiji Restoration, (2) the inward investment in Japan has started to grow since the late 1990's. Recently, however, the locations of knowledge and capabilities necessary for the firms to possess in order to obtain competitive advantages tend to disperse worldwide as the global competition becomes severe. As a result, multinational firms started to make direct investment overseas in order to strengthen or create ownership advantages and to o … More btain new competitive advantages rather than doing so having ownership advantages in advance as weapons to compete. Given the new strategies of multinational firms as just mentioned, it will be necessary to reconsider the theoretical analysis of direct investment in Japan by reappraising the three elements offered by OLI paradigm respectively in the direction explained as follows. (A) The factor which determines the flow of direct investment is not the disparities of ownership advantages among firms. Considering the situation where ownership advantages become parity among firms worldwide, it is rather the dynamism of firms to create new competitive advantages becomes primary motive power for the direct investment. (B)During the age of "transnational" management or "metanational" management, what are important as location specific advantages are created assets such as technology, knowledge, skill, innovation ability, and so on. In order for hocal governments to effectively conduct the attractive policies for multinational firms, it becomes important how to accumulate such assets which must be obtained after investment and what kind of strategic role should be expected for the local subsidiaries of multinational firms. (C) The strategic alliances will play even more important roles for the analysis of internalization incentives, because those created assets not innately possessed are closely related to the firm specific and context independent natures. Less

这项研究的目的是阐明在日本内部直接投资的最新趋势，并特别关注跨国公司的决策过程，跨国公司是经济代理人实际上进行投资。这将通过应用OLI范式称为国际生产的理论框架来完成。结果表明，OLI范式可以很好地解释以下几点，即（1）自明吉修复以来，日本的内部投资已停滞了很长的时间，（2）自1990年代后期以来，日本的内在投资开始增长。但是，最近，随着全球竞争变得严重，公司拥有竞争优势为了获得竞争优势所必需的知识和能力位置倾向于散布。结果，跨国公司开始在海外进行直接投资，以增强或创造所有权优势，并……更多的新竞争优势，而不是这样做，而不是事先拥有所有权作为竞争的武器。考虑到跨国公司的新策略，如前所述，有必要通过重新评估OLI范式在解释的方向上分别重新评估日本直接投资的理论分析。（a）决定直接投资流的因素不是考虑到所有权优势成为全球公司之间均衡的情况，所有权的分配，创造新的竞争优势成为直接投资的主要动力。（b）在“跨国”管理或“统治”管理时代，创建了特定地点优势的重要资产，例如技术，知识，技能，创新能力等。为了使Hocal政府有效地为跨国公司执行有吸引力的政策，重要的是如何积累投资后必须获得的这些资产，以及对于跨国公司的当地子公司应该期望哪种战略作用。（c）战略联盟将在分析内部化激励措施的分析中发挥更重要的作用，因为那些不天生的资产与公司的特定和背景独立性密切相关。较少的